What is to be done if you get into a road traffic accident?

Введение

A road traffic accident (RTA) is a stressful situation for all parties involved. Regardless of driving experience, any driver may become involved in a traffic accident.

Proper and timely actions after an accident help ensure the safety of road users, preserve evidence necessary to establish the circumstances of the accident, provide prompt medical assistance to injured persons, and facilitate the processing of insurance compensation.

This material contains information on the procedures to be followed by parties involved in a traffic accident, the cases in which simplified accident reporting (European Accident Statement / Europrotocol) may be used, the rights and obligations of the parties involved, and the procedure for obtaining insurance compensation in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

District and equivalent court considering cases of administrative offenses

Consideration of Traffic Accident Materials

If a traffic accident was documented by police officers and the actions of the parties involved contain indications of an administrative offense, the case materials are referred to the authorized body or court for consideration in accordance with their jurisdiction.

Persons participating in administrative offense proceedings have the right to:

  • review the case materials;
  • provide explanations;
  • submit evidence;
  • file motions and challenges;
  • receive legal assistance from a defense counsel;
  • obtain copies of procedural documents;
  • appeal the decision in the case in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Participants in the proceedings are notified of the time and place of the hearing in accordance with the procedure established by law.

Driver's actions in case of an accident

A driver involved in a traffic accident must:
• stop the vehicle immediately and do not move it
until the incident is registered, unless otherwise provided by law;
• Turn on the emergency light alarm;
• put up an emergency stop sign in accordance with the requirements of the Traffic Regulations;
• Take measures to ensure road safety
and warn other road users about the danger.;
• if there are victims, immediately call an ambulance at 103 or through the unified emergency number 112, provide first aid within the limits of available skills and capabilities.;
• if necessary, take the victim to the nearest medical facility if waiting for an ambulance poses a threat to his life, and then return to the scene of the accident.;
• take measures to preserve traces of an accident and other evidence;
• write down the contact details of the witnesses (if any);
• report an accident to the police if registration of the incident is not possible in a simplified manner.

If the movement of other vehicles is impossible, the driver has the right to clear the roadway after preliminary photo and video recording of the position of the vehicles, signs of braking, damage and other circumstances of the incident, allowing to reliably establish the mechanism of the accident.

When Can a Traffic Accident Be Reported Without Calling the Police (Europrotocol)

To simplify the procedure for reporting traffic accidents, the Republic of Kazakhstan applies the Europrotocol mechanism, which allows a road traffic accident to be reported without the involvement of police officers.

Simplified reporting is permitted only if all of the following conditions are met simultaneously:

  • only two vehicles are involved in the accident;
  • there are no fatalities or injuries;
  • damage has been caused exclusively to the vehicles involved;
  • both vehicles are covered by valid compulsory motor third-party liability insurance policies;
  • there are no disagreements between the parties regarding the circumstances of the accident or the nature of the damage;
  • the estimated amount of damage does not exceed the limit established by law for Europrotocol reporting.

The accident is reported through the Europrotocol mobile application, with the parties entering the required information.

Upon completion of the reporting process, the information is automatically forwarded to the insurers for a decision regarding insurance compensation.

When an accident is reported under the Europrotocol procedure, no administrative proceedings are initiated for violations of traffic regulations, and no administrative liability is imposed on the parties involved.

When It Is Necessary to Call the Police

Calling police officers is mandatory if:

  • the accident has resulted in fatalities or injuries;
  • one of the parties is under the influence of alcohol, narcotic drugs, or toxic substances, or there are grounds to believe so;
  • the parties disagree about the circumstances of the accident;
  • one of the parties does not have a valid insurance policy;
  • damage has been caused to road infrastructure, buildings, utility networks, or other public or private property;
  • more than two vehicles have been damaged;
  • one of the parties has left the scene of the accident;
  • reporting under the Europrotocol procedure is impossible for other reasons established by law.

Before the police arrive, the parties are advised to preserve the accident scene, ensure road safety, and prepare their identification documents, driver's license, vehicle registration certificate, and insurance policy.

Actions of patrol police officers

Upon receiving a report of a road traffic accident, police officers immediately arrive at the scene to ensure road safety, assist the parties involved, and prepare the necessary documentation in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Depending on the circumstances of the accident, police officers:

  • ensure road safety and take measures to prevent secondary accidents;
  • establish the identities of the parties involved and verify the documents required by law;
  • identify and record the circumstances of the accident, traces of the incident, the positions of the vehicles, and any damage sustained;
  • interview the parties involved and witnesses, if any;
  • prepare procedural documents as required by law;
  • refer drivers for medical examination when there are legal grounds to do so;
  • decide whether to initiate administrative offense proceedings or criminal proceedings when the grounds provided by law exist.

Before signing any procedural documents, the parties are advised to carefully review their contents. If they disagree with the stated circumstances, they have the right to provide comments and explanations, which must be attached to the case materials.

What is road traffic accident?

A road traffic accident (RTA) is an event that occurs during the movement of a vehicle on a road and involving that vehicle, resulting in death or injury to people, damage to vehicles, structures, cargo, or other material losses.

The main types of road traffic accidents include:

  • collisions between vehicles;
  • vehicle rollover;
  • collision with an obstacle;
  • collision with a pedestrian;
  • collision with a cyclist;
  • collision with a person using a personal mobility device;
  • collision with a stationary vehicle;
  • collision with animals;
  • passenger fall;
  • other incidents related to the movement of vehicles.

Medical examination

A medical examination is conducted in cases provided for by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan to determine whether a person is under the influence of alcohol, narcotic drugs, or toxic substances.

The examination is carried out by medical professionals in state medical institutions in accordance with the procedures established by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Grounds for referral to a medical examination may include visible signs of intoxication or other circumstances provided for by law.

Refusal to undergo a medical examination upon the lawful request of a police officer entails administrative liability as established by the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan on Administrative Offenses.

Criminal liability for road traffic accident

If a violation of traffic regulations results in moderate or serious bodily harm to a person, or causes the death of a person, the responsible individual shall bear criminal liability in accordance with the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Depending on the severity of the consequences, the court may impose:

  • a fine;
  • correctional labor;
  • community service;
  • restriction of liberty;
  • imprisonment;
  • deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities, including the right to drive vehicles.

Criminal liability for violations of traffic regulations is provided for, in particular, under Articles 345 and 345-1 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Compensation for damage

Obtaining Insurance Compensation

To obtain insurance compensation, the injured party must apply to the insurance company that provides motor third-party liability insurance coverage for the person responsible for the accident, or to their own insurance company in cases provided for by law.

The application must be accompanied by the documents required under the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On Compulsory Motor Third-Party Liability Insurance of Vehicle Owners.”

The insurance company shall:

  • accept the application;
  • verify the submitted documents;
  • arrange an assessment of the damaged property if necessary;
  • make a decision on the insurance payment or refuse payment.

The insurer is not entitled to require documents that are not provided for by law.

Insurance compensation must be paid within the time limits established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

If the payment deadlines are violated, the insurance company bears liability in accordance with the law.

If the amount of damage exceeds the maximum insurance compensation established by law, the difference may be recovered from the person responsible through civil court proceedings.

Useful to Know

To protect your rights, it is recommended to:

  • remain calm and comply with traffic regulations;
  • not leave the scene of the accident except in cases provided for by law;
  • document the circumstances of the accident through photographs and video recordings;
  • keep all documents related to the accident;
  • contact the insurance company in a timely manner;
  • carefully review procedural documents before signing them;
  • seek legal assistance when necessary.

Technical examination (damage assessment)

Placement of a Vehicle in an Impound Lot

The issue of detaining a vehicle and placing it in a specialized impound lot is decided in cases provided for by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

A vehicle may be placed in an impound lot only when there are legal grounds established by law.

If the vehicle does not obstruct traffic and there are no legal grounds for detention, it shall not be placed in an impound lot.

Assessment of Damages

After an insured event occurs, the injured party has the right to apply to an insurance company for compensation.

The insurance company arranges an assessment of the damage in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

For the assessment to be carried out, the damaged vehicle must be presented to the insurer or an independent expert within the time limits established by law.

The assessment includes:

  • inspection of the vehicle;
  • documentation of the nature and extent of the damage;
  • determination of the cost of repair and restoration;
  • preparation of an assessment report.

The injured party has the right to review the assessment results.

If the injured party disagrees with the assessed amount of damage, the dispute may be resolved in accordance with the procedures established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Contacting the Insurance Company

When an insured event occurs, the insurance company should be notified of the accident as soon as possible.

To receive an insurance payment, the injured party must submit the documents required by the Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan “On Compulsory Motor Third-Party Liability Insurance of Vehicle Owners.”

The insurance company is not entitled to require documents that are not provided for by law.

After receiving the complete set of documents, the insurer reviews the application, arranges a damage assessment if necessary, and decides whether to make an insurance payment or refuse payment, stating the reasons for such refusal.

Insurance payments are made within the time limits established by the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

In the event of a violation of these deadlines, the insurance company bears responsibility in accordance with the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

If the Person Responsible for the Accident Does Not Have Insurance

The absence of compulsory motor third-party liability insurance on the part of the person responsible for the accident does not deprive the injured party of the right to compensation for damages.

In such cases, compensation is provided in accordance with the civil legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

If necessary, the amount of damage may be determined through an independent assessment and recovered through court proceedings.

Administrative liability for a road traffic accident

Administrative Liability

The legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan provides for administrative liability for violations of traffic regulations that result in a road traffic accident.

Depending on the nature of the offense committed, the following administrative penalties may be imposed:

  • a fine;
  • deprivation of the right to drive vehicles;
  • administrative detention (in cases provided for by law);
  • other administrative sanctions.

The most common violations include:

  • violation of traffic regulations resulting in damage to vehicles or other property (Article 610 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Republic of Kazakhstan);
  • leaving the scene of a road traffic accident (Article 611 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Republic of Kazakhstan);
  • failure to comply with a lawful request of a police officer to undergo a medical examination (Article 613 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Republic of Kazakhstan).

The severity of the administrative penalty is determined taking into account the nature of the offense, its consequences, the offender’s personality, and other circumstances provided for by law.