Fires short circuits of electrical wires

Fire.... Only those who have passed through it can comprehend the whole sinister meaning of this concept. To think that fires were terrible only in the past, but not now is a serious misconception. Fire constantly threatens a person at any opportunity to get out of his control. The element that has escaped from obedience sweeps everything out of its path, the damage from them is estimated in millions.

For the most part, fires occur as a result of short circuits in electrical networks, overheating and ignition of substances and materials in close proximity to electrical equipment, current overloads of wires and electrical machines, large transient resistances, electric sparks, etc.

A short circuit is called such an emergency mode in electrical installations, in which there is a connection of dissimilar wires under voltage through a very small resistance that is not provided for by the operating mode of this electrical circuit, machine or apparatus.

Currently, much attention is paid to schools, hospitals, clubs, kindergartens and residential buildings. In this regard, the issue of the safety of objects and material values becomes particularly relevant, and increasing the effectiveness of preventive work to prevent fires is of particular importance. The need to improve fire safety, strengthen production discipline and increase responsibility for fire safety at facilities on the part of all employees and citizens is evidenced by the analysis of violations of the fire regime and fire statistics.

It should be noted that the number of fires at facilities does not decrease from year to year, the most typical causes of fire safety violations remain unchanged, the operation of electrical wires is operated with obvious violations.

The heads of organizations, sites, workshops and other officials responsible for the fire-fighting condition of facilities are obliged to:

- organize the study and implementation of fire safety rules at subordinate facilities by all engineering and technical workers, employees and workers;

- to know and strictly carry out fire-fighting measures provided for by the rules, norms and standards of fire safety rules, to monitor their compliance by all those working at facilities and in the residential sector;

- ensure the availability (in accordance with established standards), proper maintenance and constant readiness for the use of fire extinguishing means;

- regularly check the fire-fighting condition of electrical wires and their insulation, auxiliary and utility rooms (warehouses, workshops, etc.), ensure mandatory disconnection of power grids at the end of work;

- temporary wiring should be carried out with an insulated wire and suspended on a cable and reliable supports at a height of at least 2.5 m above the workplace, 3 m above the aisles and 6 m above the driveways;

- the distance from the lamp to combustible and hard-to-burn materials should be at least 0.5;

- non-insulated current-carrying parts of electrical devices (buses, contacts of switches and fuses, clamps of electrical machines and apparatuses, etc.) must be protected by reliable fences or be located in special electrical rooms;

- at the junctions and branches, the cores of wires and cables must have insulation equivalent to the insulation of these wires and cables;