Compulsory social insurance-protection of the working population

Kazakhstan has a multi-level model of Social Security, which provides for the distribution of responsibilities between the state, employer and employee at the basic, mandatory and voluntary levels.
The first level is social benefits guaranteed by the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan, i.e. payments assigned to all citizens at the same level (basic pension payments, state benefits, one-time payments for the birth of a child, child care payments, etc.).;
The second level is a solidarity pension, social payments made at the expense of pension savings and social insurance contributions, depending on the length of Service and the amount of remuneration, i.e. additional social security that takes into account the personal contribution of citizens to the development of society;
The third level is social payments made at the expense of voluntary and professional savings or insurance contributions.
Compulsory social insurance was introduced in the country in 2005 and is an additional form of social protection of the working population. The system is financed by social contributions from employers for their employees, individual entrepreneurs, those engaged in private practice, as well as payers of a single aggregate payment for their own benefit. Thus, social contributions to the compulsory social insurance fund (SSIF) are not deducted from the employee's salary, they are paid at the expense of the employer in the amount of 3.5% of the income received.
A working citizen, as well as his / her family members in the event of his / her death, have the right to receive social benefits from the state pension fund in the event of a social risk. The amount of payment will directly depend on the income from which social contributions are paid, as well as the duration of payment of deductions.
Currently, social benefits are paid from the state pension fund in cases of loss of working capacity, loss of breadwinner, loss of work, loss of income in connection with pregnancy and childbirth, adoption of a newborn child and loss of income in connection with child care until the age of one year.
The global crisis caused by the COVID pandemic has not bypassed our country either. It should be noted that since 2020, there has been an increase in the number of citizens who have lost their jobs and, in this regard, the amount of social benefits in connection with job loss from the state pension fund.
The main conditions for receiving social benefits in connection with job loss are the need to go to the Employment Center at the place of residence and register as an unemployed person and have at least 6 months of work experience. The employee's work experience is determined by monthly social contributions received by the state pension fund.
In the era of digitalization, there are many ways to solve problems without leaving your home during quarantine, one of which is the presence of an electronic digital signature on the principle of "one window" (egov.kz) e-government portal or (enbek.kz) through the portal of the Electronic labor exchange or with a visit to the employment center, it is provided to register as an unemployed person and apply for social benefits in connection with job loss from the state pension fund.
Any person registered as unemployed cannot receive social benefits due to job loss, only a participant in the compulsory social insurance system who has received social contributions to the state pension fund has the right. The amount of this social payment is 40% of the average salary of an employee for the last two years, and the term of appointment: if social contributions were received in the state pension fund from 6 to 12 months-for 1 month; if they were received from 12 to 24 months-for 2 months; if they were received from 24 to 36 months-for 3 months; if they were received from 36 to 48 months-for 4 months; if they were received from 48 to 60 months-for 5 months; 60 months or more – assigned for 6 months. 10% of the assigned social benefit is deducted from the mandatory pension contribution.
Social payments in connection with job loss from the state pension fund in the Republic in 2020 amounted to 15.8 billion tenge for 99,123 people, including 438,431,748 million for 13,912 people in Kyzylorda region. for the 1st half of 2021, 9.1 billion tenge was allocated for 70,253 people in the Republic, including 8,934 people in the Kyzylorda region-255,650,896 million tenge. paid in tenge.
By increasing the social protection of working citizens and stimulating employment of the population, today the system of compulsory social insurance is becoming an important and necessary element of socio-economic relations in Kazakhstan.