Nurmukhanov Bakyt Maratovich was born on May 13, 1979 in the village of Kalzhyr, Kurchum district, East Kazakhstan region.

Graduated from East Kazakhstan State University with a degree in Law. Candidate of  Legal Sciences (2000).

He began his professional career as a Lecturer at the Department of Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure of the Faculty of Law at East Kazakhstan State University (2000–2003).

He worked at the Office of the Constitutional Council of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a Consultant in the Legal Department, Chief Expert in the Legal Support Department, Chief Expert, Chief Consultant, and Head of the Analytical Sector of the Legal Expertise Department (2003–2006). He subsequently served as Adviser to the Chairperson of the Constitutional Council (2006–2011), Head of the Legal Expertise Department (2011–2017), and Head of the Office of the Constitutional Council (2017–2022).

From 2008 to 2022, he concurrently served as Liaison Officer for the European Commission for Democracy through Law of the Council of Europe (Venice Commission).

He was appointed Judge of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan (since 01.01.2023; reappointed on 23.09.2026).

He was appointed Deputy Chairperson of the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Kazakhstan (since 10.01.2023; reappointed on 28.09.2026).

He has been awarded the Orders of Parasat and Qurmet, the Eren Enbegi Ushin Medal, a Letter of Appreciation from the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the commemorative medals “10 Years of the Constitution of Kazakhstan,” “20 Years of the Assembly of the People of Kazakhstan,” “20 Years of the Constitution of Kazakhstan,” “25 Years of Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan,” “25 Years of the Prosecutor’s Office of the Republic of Kazakhstan,” and “25 Years of the Constitution of Kazakhstan” (2020), the departmental medal “For Contribution to Strengthening Constitutional Legality,” as well as the badges “Excellence in Civil Service” and “Honored Lawyer of Kazakhstan,” among other awards.