The legal culture of an individual, being a part of the legal culture of society and a value dependent on it, reflects the degree and nature of the development of this individual, which ensures its socialization and legitimate activity of the individual.
"What is right?" asks Norwegian criminologist Nils Christie. Based on the statements of scientists, he believes that law does not relate to politics and power, but to cultural values, highlighting humanistic principles in it when making decisions on legal issues.
Professor Phelps from the University of Australia conducted an interesting experiment. Within a month, he formed groups of four students and assigned them to solve management tasks in the allotted time. The best team received a cash prize.
The students did not know that some groups were assigned special people who played the roles assigned to them. The "indifferent" would throw his feet up on the table and dive into his phone. "Echidna" made sarcastic remarks during the discussion and sabotaged the discussion of the group. The" pessimist " constantly doubted that the task was solvable and that the team would cope with it.
Phelps found that even when the other three participants were capable and motivated, the unconstructive behavior of the fourth reduced the effectiveness of the entire group by 30-40%.
It turns out, the scientist concluded, that the effectiveness of a team depends more on whether there is at least one weak participant in it, and not on how many strong ones are in it.
In fact, a similar situation is developing with the education of the so-called "anti-corruption culture" among young people.
Many experts forget that all those who are behind bars for bribery are former boys and girls who went to school, went to university and did not even hear what corruption is. So how did they know about it?
A small lyrical digression as an example. Once upon a time there was a ruler in the East who wondered if speech was an innate ability in humans. He made a terrible experiment. He put the little children in the tower with the mute servants who took care of them. As the years passed, he entered the tower and saw that the children were not talking. They barked, bellowed, and mewed, but they didn't speak. So he came to the conclusion that speech is not an innate phenomenon.
Returning to our topic, the knowledge that you can "buy" the actions of an official is also not innate. Imagine that in the first year students of an imaginary university would not be told that there is an opportunity to " buy " a grade, and in the future they would not know about this opportunity either. Would they have bribed a teacher? I don't think so.
Or another example, in Soviet times, the phenomenon of drug addiction was like something out of the ordinary, drug addicts were known by name and by name. How could anyone become a drug addict if they didn't know and understand that this is how you can "get away" from your problems and "have fun"?
The society surrounding the individual explains, makes it clear, draws perspectives of illegal and what is worse than harmful actions. A child who plays on his mother's lap does not know about the possibilities of money, does not know about drug addiction, alcoholism and corruption, until he is told and explained that it is "possible".
For a very long time, we can argue that "perhaps" we have already missed the current generation of civil servants, who often become witnesses and participants in various schemes to circumvent the law and know firsthand about alternative methods of using their official position. But, we can be sure that we are in our hands to protect the generation that is coming to replace them by conducting an active policy of forming honesty and integrity in society, in educational institutions, educating a legal culture, transferring knowledge about the rights and duties of a patriot and a citizen.
To this end, at the initiative of the Department of the Agency for Combating Corruption in Kostanay region, voluntary patriotic clubs "Sanaly Urpak" and schools of integrity were opened in all universities and colleges of the region. In them, almost two thousand children are engaged in issues of patriotic and legal education, conduct debate tournaments, organize "clean session" events, flash mobs, video contests, participate in open lectures with prominent public figures, athletes and civil servants.
According to the assessment of the international rating agency "Tgapsragepsu international", the corruption perception index in Kazakhstan is improving from year to year (94th place out of more than 180 countries in 2020).
Corruption in the social sphere is a very harmful phenomenon, and corruption in the education sector is terrible many times over. It is worth considering whether we will not put the next generation at risk if we do not take up the widespread education and prevention of corruption now...
Daniyar Smagulov, First Deputy Head of the Department of the Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan for Combating Corruption in Kostanay region