Since January 1, 2015, Kazakhstan is a member of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), which includes Russia, Belarus, Armenia and Kyrgyzstan.
In December 2015. Kazakhstan also joined the World Trade Organization (WTO), which automatically assumed obligations on a number of goods (the so-called "List of exemptions"), for which the import rate is lower than the duties that are in effect within the EAEU.
For Kazakhstan, this would mean that it would be more profitable for importers to import goods included in the "List of exemptions" into the territory of the EEU through the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. At the same time, other EAEU members are at a disadvantage, since they cannot set similarly low rates of duties for importers. This contradicted the equality of rights of EAEU member states, and, in addition, infringed the rights of domestic (Kazakhstani) manufacturers.
In order to resolve these contradictions (since Kazakhstan was simultaneously a member of both the WTO and the EAEU), several international treaties were signed in 2015.