Bribery is the most dangerous type of corruption crime. Its danger is due to the fact that it is often intertwined with the commission of other mercenary crimes.
Encroaching on the normal activities of the state apparatus, bribery also undermines their authority, discredits the authorities and management, distorts the principles of legality, leads to violations of the principle of justice, infringes on the constitutional rights and interests of citizens, hinders socio-economic and political reforms in the country.
Bribery is one of the varieties of corruption. According to the new Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, responsibility for bribery is provided for by special norms of the criminal law. The concept of "bribery" covers three independent elements of the crime: taking a bribe (Article 366 of the Criminal Code), giving a bribe (Article 367 of the Criminal Code) and mediation in bribery (Article 368 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan).
Responsibility for receiving a bribe without taking into account the method of receipt, the nature and public danger of the act is provided for only in one article, in Article 366 of the Criminal Code. The essence of this composition consists in the receipt by the guilty person of the state apparatus of illegal remuneration for the performance (or non-performance) of certain actions in the service in the interests of the bribe taker.
In the fight against bribery, an important role belongs to the improvement of criminal law norms, increasing the effectiveness of their application. According to the results of our theoretical study of the problems of criminal liability for receiving a bribe in the Republic of Kazakhstan, it was found that by the time of the delivery of a bribe, by the nature of the acts carried out for a bribe, receiving a bribe is divided into the following types: bribe - remuneration; bribe - bribery; receiving a bribe for the provision of a position; extortion of a bribe.