Memo: Prevention of influenza and coronavirus infection
Influenza viruses and coronavirus infections cause respiratory infections in humans of varying severity. Symptoms of the disease are similar to those of ordinary (seasonal) flu. The severity of the disease depends on a number of factors, including the general condition of the body and age.
Predisposed to the disease: elderly people, small children, pregnant women and people suffering from chronic diseases (asthma, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases), and with weakened immunity.
RULE 1. WASH HANDS WITH SOAP
Clean and disinfect surfaces using household detergents.
Hand hygiene is an important measure to prevent the spread of influenza and coronavirus infection. Washing with soap removes viruses. If it is not possible to wash your hands with soap and water, use alcohol-containing or disinfecting wipes.
Cleaning and regular disinfection of surfaces (tables, door handles, chairs, gadgets, etc.) removes viruses.
RULE 2. FOLLOW DISTANCE AND DECAL
Viruses are transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person by airborne droplets (by sneezing, coughing), so a distance of at least 1 meter from patients must be observed.
Avoid touching your eyes, nose, or mouth. Influenza virus and coronavirus spread in these ways.
Wear a mask or use other improvised protective equipment to reduce the risk of illness.
When coughing, sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with disposable wipes, which should be discarded after use.
Avoiding unnecessary trips and visiting crowded places can reduce the risk of illness.
RULE 3. LEAD A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
A healthy lifestyle increases the body's resistance to infection. Follow a healthy regimen, including proper sleep, consumption of foods rich in proteins, vitamins and minerals, and physical activity.
RULE 4. PROTECT RESPIRATORY BODIES WITH THE MEDICAL MASK
Among other means of prevention, wearing masks occupies a special place, thanks to which the spread of the virus is limited.
Medical masks for respiratory protection use:
- when visiting crowded places, traveling by public transport during the period of increasing incidence of acute respiratory viral infections;
- when caring for patients with acute respiratory viral infections;
- when communicating with persons with signs of acute respiratory viral infection;
- with the risks of infection by other infections transmitted by airborne droplets.
HOW TO CARE THE MASK CORRECTLY?
Masks can have a different design. They can be disposable or can be used repeatedly. There are masks that serve 2, 4, 6 hours. The cost of these masks is different, due to different impregnation. But you can’t wear the same mask all the time, so you can infect yourself twice. Which side inward to wear a medical mask is unprincipled.
To protect yourself from infection, it is extremely important to wear it correctly:
- the mask should be carefully fixed, tightly close the mouth and nose, without leaving gaps;
- try not to touch the surfaces of the mask when removing it, if you touch it, wash your hands thoroughly with soap or alcohol;
- wet or damp mask should be replaced with a new, dry;
- do not use a disposable mask a second time;
- The used disposable mask should be discarded immediately.
When caring for the patient, after the end of contact with the sick person, the mask should be removed immediately. After removing the mask, wash your hands immediately and thoroughly.
The mask is appropriate if you are in a place of crowded people, in public transport, and also when caring for the sick, but it is not practical outdoors.
While you are outdoors, it is good to breathe fresh air and you should not wear a mask.
However, doctors recall that this single measure does not provide complete protection against the disease. In addition to wearing a mask, other preventive measures must be observed.
RULE 5. WHAT TO DO IN CASE OF INFLUENCE OF INFLUENZA, CORONAVIRAL INFECTION?
Stay at home and see a doctor immediately.
Follow your doctor's instructions, observe bed rest, and drink as much fluid as possible.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF INFLUENZA / CORONAVIRUS INFECTION? High body temperature, chills, headache, weakness, nasal congestion, cough, shortness of breath, muscle pain, conjunctivitis.
In some cases, there may be symptoms of a gastrointestinal upset: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.
WHAT ARE THE COMPLICATIONS
Among the complications, viral pneumonia is leading. Deterioration in viral pneumonia is rapid, and many patients have already developed respiratory failure within 24 hours, requiring immediate respiratory support with mechanical ventilation.
Quickly started treatment helps to alleviate the severity of the disease.
WHAT TO DO IF IN THE FAMILY SOMEONE SICKED IN INFLUENZA /
CORONAVIRAL INFECTION
Call a doctor.
Allow the patient a separate room in the house. If this is not possible, observe a distance of at least 1 meter from the patient.
Minimize contact between the patient and loved ones, especially children, the elderly, and those with chronic conditions.
Ventilate the area frequently.
Keep clean, wash and disinfect surfaces with household detergents as often as possible.
Wash your hands often with soap.
When caring for a patient, cover your mouth and nose with a mask or other protective equipment (scarf, scarf, etc.).
Only one family member should look after the patient.
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USING A DISPOSABLE MASK REDUCES THE PROBABILITY OF INFECTION WITH INFLUENZA, CORONAVIRUS AND OTHER ARVI
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PUT ON THE MASK IN INDOOR APPLICATIONS, IN PLACES OF A LARGE ACCUMULATION OF PEOPLE, IN CONTACT WITH PEOPLE WITH SYMPTOMS OF A VIRAL RESPIRATORY DISEASE |
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THE MASK SHOULD FULLY CLOSE TO THE FACE AND CLOSE THE MOUTH, NOSE AND CHIN |
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IF NEXTLINE FASTENING IS AVAILABLE IN THE NOSE AREA, IT SHOULD BE CLOSED TO THE NOSE BACK. |
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IF THERE ARE SPECIAL FOLDINGS ON THE MASK, CORRECT THEM |
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CHANGE THE MASK FOR A NEW EVERY 2-3 HOURS OR MORE |
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DISCARD THE MASK IN THE BIN AS IMMEDIATELY AFTER USE |
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AFTER TOUCH THE USED MASK, WASH HANDS WITH SOAP CAREFULLY |
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WEARING A MASK IN A NON-OPEN OPEN SPACE IS IMPOSSIBLE |
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DO NOT USE THE MASK AGAIN |
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ONLY IN COMBINATION WITH CAREFUL HYGIENE OF HANDS AND QUARANTINE MEASURES, USING THE MASK WILL BE MAXIMUM EFFICIENT TO PREVENT INFECTION AND DISSEMINATION OF INFECTION |
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What are coronaviruses?
Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that predominantly infect animals, but in some cases can be transmitted to humans. Usually, diseases caused by coronaviruses proceed in a mild form, without causing severe symptoms. However, there are severe forms, such as the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (Mers) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars).
What are the symptoms of a disease caused by a new coronavirus?
Feeling tired
Labored breathing
Heat
Cough and / or sore throat
Symptoms are largely similar to many respiratory diseases, often mimic the common cold, and may be like the flu.
If you have similar symptoms, consider the following:
Have you been to high-risk areas (China and surrounding regions) in the past two weeks?
Have you been in touch with someone who has been visiting high-risk areas (China and surrounding regions) in the past two weeks?
If the answer to these questions is positive, the symptoms should be treated as carefully as possible.
How is coronavirus transmitted?
Like other respiratory viruses, coronavirus spreads through drops that form when an infected person coughs or sneezes. In addition, it can spread when someone touches any contaminated surface, such as a door handle. People become infected when they touch their mouth, nose, or eyes with soiled hands.
Initially, the outbreak came from animals, presumably, the source was the seafood market in Wuhan, where there was an active trade not only in fish, but also in animals such as marmots, snakes and bats.
How to protect yourself from coronavirus infection?
The most important thing you can do to protect yourself is to keep your hands and surfaces clean.
Keep your hands clean, wash them often with soap and water, or use a disinfectant.
Also try not to touch your mouth, nose or eyes with unwashed hands (usually such touches are unconsciously performed by us on average 15 times per hour).
Carry a hand sanitizer with you so that you can clean your hands in any environment.
Always wash your hands before eating.
Be especially careful when in crowded places, airports, and other public transportation systems. As much as possible, touch the surfaces and objects located in such places and do not touch the face.
Carry disposable wipes with you and always cover your nose and mouth when you cough or sneeze, and be sure to dispose of them after use.
Do not eat food (nuts, chips, cookies and other snacks) from common packages or utensils if other people dipped their fingers in them.
Avoid complimentary handshakes and kisses on the cheek.
At work, regularly clean surfaces and devices that you touch (computer keyboard, general office equipment panels, smartphone screen, remotes, door handles and handrails).
What can be done at home.
Tell the children about coronavirus prevention. Children and adolescents are more likely than others to become infected, they often interact closely with each other and are not a standard in maintaining cleanliness.
Explain to the children how microbes spread and why good hand and face hygiene is important.
Make sure everyone in the family has their own towel; remind you not to share toothbrushes and other personal hygiene items.
Ventilate the area frequently.
Can a new coronavirus be cured?
Today, most sick people recover. Seek medical attention. The doctor will be hospitalized according to indications and will prescribe treatment.
There is no specific antiviral drug for the new coronavirus, just as there is no specific treatment for most other respiratory viruses that cause colds.
But there are treatment regimens and drugs that help recover.
The most dangerous complication is viral pneumonia. In order to start treatment on time, you need to seek medical help in a timely manner.
Who is at risk?
People of all ages run the risk of contracting the virus. The Wuhan Health Commission said in a statement that people over the age of 50 were mostly ill.
However, as with most other viral respiratory diseases, people with weakened immune systems and comorbidities are at risk.
Is there a vaccine for the new coronavirus?
There is currently no such vaccine, however, in a number of countries its development has already begun.
What is the difference between coronavirus and influenza virus?
Coronavirus and influenza virus may have similar symptoms, but genetically they are completely different.
Influenza viruses multiply very quickly - symptoms appear two to three days after infection, and the coronavirus requires up to 14 days for this.
Coronavirus 2019 nCoV - mask will help!
In the current situation, regarding the increased risk of importation and spread of the new coronavirus 2019 - nCoV in the territory of the Russian Federation, we recall the advisability of using a disposable medical mask as an effective measure to prevent infection and the spread of infection.
Coronavirus 2019 - nCoV is transmitted from person to person through close contact, through microdrops of respiratory secretions that form when infected people talk, sneeze or cough.
Also, infection can occur as a result of direct or indirect contact of a healthy person with respiratory secretions of an infected person.
The use of a disposable medical mask prevents drops of respiratory secretions, which may contain viruses, from entering the body of a healthy person through the nose and mouth.
Wear a mask when caring for a family member with symptoms of a viral respiratory illness.
If you are sick or have symptoms of a viral respiratory illness, wear a mask before approaching other people.
If you have symptoms of a viral respiratory illness and you need to see a doctor, wear a mask in advance to protect others in the waiting area.
Wear a mask when in crowded places.
Use the mask once; reusing the mask is not allowed. Change the mask every 2-3 hours or more.
If the mask is wet, it should be replaced with a new one.
After using the mask, discard it and wash your hands.
A disposable medical mask, when used correctly, is a reliable and effective method to reduce the risk of coronavirus infection and prevent the spread of influenza.
Influenza, coronavirus, other acute respiratory viral infections - a mask will help!
During the period of active circulation of influenza pathogens, coronavirus infection, and other pathogens of acute respiratory viral infections, we recall the advisability of using a disposable medical mask as an effective measure for preventing infection and limiting the spread of infection.
These viruses are transmitted from person to person mainly by airborne droplets, through microdrops of respiratory secretions, which are formed when infected people talk, sneeze or cough.
With air, these drops can fall on the surface of the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract of healthy people who are next to an infected person.
Infection can also occur as a result of direct or indirect contact of a healthy person with respiratory secretions of an infected person.
The use of a disposable medical mask prevents drops of respiratory secretions, which may contain viruses, from entering the body of a healthy person through the nose and mouth.
Wear a mask when caring for a family member with symptoms of a viral respiratory illness.
If you are sick or have symptoms of a viral respiratory illness, wear a mask before approaching other people.
If you have symptoms of a viral respiratory illness and you need to see a doctor, wear a mask in advance to protect others in the waiting area.
Wear a mask when in crowded places.
Use the mask once; reusing the mask is not allowed.
Change the mask every 2-3 hours or more.
If the mask is wet, it should be replaced with a new one.
After using the mask, discard it and wash your hands.
A disposable medical mask, if used correctly, is a reliable and effective method to reduce the risk of infection and prevent the spread of influenza, coronavirus and other pathogens of acute respiratory viral infections
Hygiene for influenza, coronavirus infection and other acute respiratory viral infections
What needs to be done during the period of active circulation of influenza pathogens, coronavirus infection and other pathogens of acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) in order to prevent your own infection and protect others if you become ill?
The causative agents of all these diseases are highly contagious and are transmitted predominantly by airborne droplets.
When sneezing and coughing in the air, microdrops of his saliva, sputum and respiratory secretions that contain viruses spread around the sick person. Larger droplets settle on surrounding objects and surfaces, small droplets are in the air for a long time and are carried over distances of up to several hundred meters, while viruses retain the ability to become infected from several hours to several days. The main measures of hygienic prevention are aimed at preventing the contact of healthy people with virus-containing particles of the discharge of a sick person.
Compliance with the following hygiene rules will significantly reduce the risk of infection or further spread of influenza, coronavirus infection and other acute respiratory viral infections.
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How not to get infected
Wash hands after visiting any public places, vehicles, touching door handles, money, office equipment for public use at the workplace, before eating and preparing food. Pay special attention to thorough soaping (at least 20 seconds), and the subsequent complete drainage of the hands.
After returning home from the street - wash your hands and face with soap and rinse your nose with isotonic saline.
Touching the face, eyes, with just recently washed hands. In the absence of access to water and soap, use alcohol-based disinfectants to clean hands. Or use a disposable cloth, if necessary, touch your eyes or nose
Wear a disposable medical mask in crowded places and vehicles. Change the mask to a new one every 2-3 hours, you cannot reuse the mask.
Prefer smooth hairstyles when you are in crowded places, loose hair, often in contact with the face, increase the risk of infection.
Avoid close contact and stay in the same room with people with visible signs of acute respiratory viral infections (coughing, sneezing, nasal discharge).
Do not touch door handles, railings, other objects and surfaces in public spaces with bare hands.
Limit welcome handshakes, kisses and hugs.
Ventilate the room more often.
Do not use shared towels.
How not to infect others
Minimize contacts with healthy people (welcome handshakes, kisses).
If you feel unwell, but are forced to communicate with other people or use public transport, use a disposable mask, be sure to change it to a new one every hour.
When coughing or sneezing, be sure to cover your mouth, if possible, with a disposable handkerchief, if not, with your palms or elbow.
Use only personal or disposable tableware.
Isolate your personal hygiene items from your household: toothbrush, washcloth, towels.
To carry out wet cleaning of the house daily, including the processing of door handles, switches, office equipment control panels.