Rabies is a dangerous infectious disease that is fatal to humans and most animals. The rabies virus causes specific encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) in animals and humans.This disease is one of the top five most dangerous diseases common to humans and animals.
The source of the rabies virus is both wild and domestic animals. Wild animals include wolves, foxes, jackals, raccoons, skunks, bats, rodents, while domestic animals include dogs, cats, horses, pigs, small and large cattle. However, the greatest danger to humans are foxes, stray dogs and cats. At the moment, the rage lost the seasonal nature of the symptoms and recorded all the year round.
Currently, rabies is registered in 113 countries around the world and affects annually about 50 thousand people who have had contact with both wild and domestic animals.
The disease is caused by a virus that enters the body through damaged skin when a healthy animal is bitten by a patient.The virus is found in the saliva, as well as in the tears and urine of animals with rabies.
At the beginning of the disease, the clinical signs are individual and non-specific.
In dogs and other types of susceptible animals, there are two forms of clinical signs: aggressive (violent) and paralytic.
With a violent form, the animal becomes extremely aggressive, attacks everyone. As a result of spasms of the head muscles, the lips are constantly pulled back, Baring their teeth. The dog bites any animal, as well as any person encountered on the way.
In the paralytic form, the muscles of the head are paralyzed, the mouth is open, the tongue hangs down. The swallowing muscles are paralyzed, which causes salivation and coughing. The movements become discoordinated, the animal stumbles, collapses, and cannot get up.
Also recorded cases of signs of both forms in one animal.
Rabies in the stage of development of clinical signs leads to the death of the animal.Treatment for rabies has not been developed.
If Your animal has been bitten by an unknown animal or shows signs of rabies, try to isolate it in a room (or cage) and avoid contact with its saliva. Contact veterinary specialists as soon as possible.
However, in cases of a dog or cat bite, the victim is extremely necessary to contact a medical institution and a district (city) veterinary station to take emergency measures to conduct complex therapy against rabies, as well as to identify the owner of a potentially infected animal.
Since rabies is an exceptional danger, in order to prevent diseases of domestic animals and humans, every year veterinary services provide free vaccinations against rabies, which is indicated in the animal's passport.However, not all dog and cat owners understand the importance of these events.
Guided by the decision of the Akmola regional maslikhat dated September 30, 2015 No. 5C-41-8"on approval Of the rules for keeping and walking dogs and cats, trapping and destroying stray dogs and cats in cities and other localities of the Akmola region" in order to ensure veterinary and sanitary safety, animal owners must submit their Pets for preventive vaccination.
The veterinary service of the region is constantly carrying out a set of measures to prevent and prevent the occurrence of rabies among animals, aimed at reducing the incidence among animals and limiting the likelihood of being bitten by stray and wild animals.
Annual planned volumes of rabies vaccination have been increased. for example, for the period from 2015 to 2017, it was increased among cattle — from 63.5 thousand heads to 70.0 thousand heads, MS — from 25.2 thousand heads to 26.0 thousand heads, horses-from 21.6 thousand heads to 34.0 thousand heads, etc.
In order to prevent the likelihood of bites of stray dogs and cats people, funding intended for catching and destruction of stray dogs and cats from the local budget for the period from 2015 to 2017, up from 22 million 500 thousand tenge to 34 million 700 thousand tenge in 2018, has today highlighted 31,0 mln. tenge, respectively, significantly increased the number of captured and destroyed animals for 2017 captured and destroyed 13 853 heads of stray dogs and cats 653.
Evidence of the results of veterinary measures carried out according to the analysis is a decrease in cases of registration of rabies disease among animals. If in 2015 there were 17 cases of rabies among animals (11 cattle, 1 horse, 3 dogs, 2 cases among foxes), in 2016 there were 2 cases (1 dog, 1 Fox), then for the entire past period of 2017, one case of rabies among animals was registered.
At the same time, it should be noted that as a result of the measures taken to catch and destroy stray dogs and cats, the number of human bites by animals has been significantly reduced (in 2015 — 1,606, in 2016 — 2,203, over the past period of 2017 — 1,050 cases).
The Department of veterinary medicine of the Akmola region asks residents of the region to be extremely attentive to their Pets, as well as to observe the rules of their maintenance.