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Justice commissioners
GABAIDULLA ALIBEKOV
Born in 1870 in the Ural region. He graduated from the normal school. He started his career as a translator in the Ural district police, then for several years served as a parish steward in Wuyl and Sonaly.
He was an organiser and chairman of the Congress of Kazakhs held on 19-22 April 1917, on 5 April 1920 he was elected a member of Kazrevcom (Kazakh revolutionary committee). In addition to the duties of a Kazrevcom member, Alibayov G. led an active social life to provide food, to investigate the extraordinary events in Akmolinskaya, Aktyubinskaya, and Adaysky counties.
On September 14, 1920 he was entrusted with management of the newly created Commissariat of Justice. On September 24, 1920 Alibekov signed the first order.
October 20 People's Commissariat of Justice was instructed to proceed immediately to the drafting of the Regulations of the People's Commissariat of Justice, and also to the organization of people's courts. The main activities of Alibekov on the post of people's commissar: promulgation of the laws that reflect policy of the Soviet power; he development of new methods of combating crime; management of organizational work of the courts and revolutionary tribunals.
During Alibekov’s management the drafts of the first decrees to abolish the bridewealth, also on combating barymta, the decree "On the marriage law of the Kirghiz (Kazakhs)" were prepared. Under his leadership, the end of 1920, 231 judicial and 111 investigative districts were created in the republic.
Alibekov G. held a post of the national commissar of justice till October 17, 1921.
In 1923 the first commissar of justice died.
SHAVKHAT BEKMUKHAMEDO
Was born in 1892 in the territory of the Bukeevsky horde. In 1916 (1917), he graduated from the Law Faculty of the University of Kazan.
March 13, 1918, he was elected Commissar of the land and water division.
May 7, 1918 he was appointed Commissioner on land issues. In 1919, he was accepted to the ranks of the Communist party and sent to Orenburg, where he performed the duties of the Secretary of the land Department of the revolutionary Committee, member of the Board of the Orenburg workers'-peasants' inspectorate, head of department, the Chairman of the Executive Committee of Bukeevsky guberniya.
On October of 1921 by Revolutionary Committee decision Bekmukhamedov was appointed commissar of justice. His period of activities at the People's Commissariat of Justice included the establishment the Commissariat, determination of the methods of fight against crime, creation of regional national courts, instructing of tribunals, and later carrying out judicial reform, the adoption of the first Soviet laws, the establishment of the republican prosecutorship and bar.
During Bekmukhamedov’s post of a commissar, the decree on fight against cattle rustling was approved by the Kazakh Executive Committee, the draft Laws "On procuracy", "On advocacy" were developed, drastic resctructuring of the law enforcement agencies began. According to the Law "On procuracy", the duties of the Prosecutor were assigned to the Commissioner of justice. From August 1, 1922 Bekmukhamedov acted as a public Prosecutor.
Bekmukhamedov was the initiator of the introduction of additions to the Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic legislations, specifically, articles about punishability of barymta, bride theft complemented the part IX of the Criminal Code of, also the ban on bloodmoney – monetary damage for murder of the person – was imposed, the circular on the ban of a cannibalism was adopted.
Activities Bekmukhamedov Sh. as People's Commissar of Justice and the Prosecutor of the Republic continued until October 15, 1922.
Bekmukhamedov Sh. has died in 1958 in Alma-Ata.
MYRZAGUL ATANIYAZOV
Was born on February 23, 1899 in the aul No. 1 of the Betbaktinsky volost of the Aktyubinsky province. In1906-1908 he studied at village school, then continued his education at the Russian-Kazakh school. He graduated from the Aktyubinsky normal school in 1918.
1920-1921 - the member of the Aktyubinsk district executive committee, the vice-chairman of district executive committee, the vice-chairman of provincial executive committee.
1921-1922 - the vice-chairman, the chairman of Military board of the Aktyubinsk gubtribunal; assistant manager of Kirgiz regional committe department.
From October 15, 1922 to May 15, 1923 - the commissioner of justice.
During his post at the Commissariat of justice, the analysis of activities of provincial prosecutor's offices, judicial authorities was made, a number of special guidance letters about a role and tasks of a provincial executive in addressing the problems of financing the local judiciary were signed, the Note was drafted to the Regulations on advocacy.
During the post of Ataniyazov M. People’s commissariat of justice was modernized, on March 23, 1923 Kazakh Central Electoral Commission approved new Regulations on People’s Commissariat of Justice, and its structure.
1922-1924 - Higher legal courses under the People’s commissariat of justice in Moscow.
May, 1925 - March, 1927 - the chairman of the Kazakh department of the Supreme Court of RSFSR.
1927-1928 - the chairman of the Akmolinsky provincial executive committee.
1928-1929 - the chairman of the Semipalatinsky district executive committee.
1929-1930 - the instructor at Kazakh district committee the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks).
1932-1933 - the chairman of the Almaty Control Commission of Workers’ and Peasants’ Inspectorate.
1933-1934 - the prosecutor of KASSR.
1935-1937 - the secretary of the Auliyeatinsky district committee of the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks).
1937-1938 - the chief of department of the Central Committee of CP (bolsheviks) of Kazakhstan, the editor of the Aulny Kazakhstan magazine.
Political prisoner in 1938. He was rehabilitated in October, 1957.
NIGMET NURMAKOV
Was born in 1895 in the Karkaralinsky County of Semipalatinsky region. In 1915 he graduated from Omsk normal school, in 1931 from Communist University under the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks).
1915-1918 - school teacher in Karkaralinsk.
February-May, 1918 - secretary of Karkaralinsky district council of working and country deputies.
1918-1919 – in the white guard prison.
1920-1921 – the member of the Karkaralinsky district revolutionary commitee, executive committe, the member and the head of department of the Semipalatinsk provincial military revolutionary committee, the chief of department of the provincial committee, member of the Semipalatinsky provincial executive committee.
Since October 1921 – chairman of Revolutionary tribunal of KASSR, since April 11, 1923 – chairman of the Kazakh department of the Supreme Court of RSFSR. N. Nurmakov had his huge role in formation of the Supreme Court and the provincial procuracy.
1923-1924 – People's Commissar of Justice.
Over this time, the organization of the procuracy and judicial bodies, training of professionals, introduction of the Kazakh language in the proceedings were completed.
During the post of Nurmakov N. first legal courses were opened in Orenburg along with short-term courses in Semipalatinsk, Akmolinsk, Kostanay.
Regulations on advocacy and control by procuracy are adopted on Jule 13, 1922, at the 3rd session of the 2nd call of Kirgiz Central Electoral Commission. On December 28, 1923 at a meeting of the Presidium of Kirgiz Central Commission the resolution on the Chief disciplinary board under the Kirgiz Central Commission was approved.
September-October 1925 – head of the department of Kirgiz regional committee of All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks).
October 1924-April 1929 – chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of КАSSR.
1929-1931 – study in Moscow.
1931-1937 – deputy secretary of All-Russian Central Electoral Commissiom, head of the Presidium of All-Russian Central Electoral Committee, member of Kazakh district committee All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), Central Electoral Committee of KASSR.
He was shot in 1937, and rehabilitated in August 1956.
NURTAZA ERALIN
Was born on December 15, 1882 in the Kostanay province, aul No. 9 of Amankaragaysky region, Kostanay county. After graduating ftom City College Kostanay he worked as the clerk at the Kostanay district administration. Then he entered the four-year Russian-Kazakh normal school, worked as the teacher for 10 years.
Since November 1919 – chairman and instructor of Kostanaysky county, then head of the district educational department. On March 8, 1922, by the decision of the Congress of Councils he is appointed deputy head of the district Food committee.
On September 1 of the same year as bolcheviks party member changes to post of deputy head of Kostanaysky provincial department of public education.
Since May 1923 he was appointed deputy head of the Department of propaganda and agitation of Kostanaysky provincial committee, since November he was the secretary of the committee.
Since April 1924 – deputy head of the Department of propaganda and agitation of Kazakh regional party committee.
September 9, 1924 – People’s commissar of Kazakhstan and the prosecutor of the republic. He held these posts till November, 1924. As a people’s commissar Eralin approved the Regulations on maximal renewal of the composition of provincial courts.
Collegium of the Commissariat of Justice discussed the issue on strengthening control over the activities of industrial institutions and enterprises, that systematically delay the payment of salaries.
November 1924, Eralin N. was sent to the soviet party school for a teaching job.
Since 1925 he worked at the trade institutuions as the chief, manager.
Since February 1930 – deputy director at Aktuybinskaya construction, since October 1934 – chairman of Kazakh regional cooperative disabled persons union administration.
In recent years, N. Eralin served as Secretary Chui district executive committee.
March 7, 1938 he was shot. In January 1960, he was rehabilitated.
KANAY BORANBAYEV
Was born in 1896 in the Zhetysusky province, in the aul No. 2 of Kasteksky volost, Almaty County in the peasant's family. After graduating form eight-year grammar school in Verny, he entered the law faculty of the University of Warsaw and graduated only three courses.
In November 1918 he became a member of Russian Communist Party (bolsheviks). In the same year secret agent and Zhetysuysky assistant-commissioner of emergency affairs Tashkent, a month later – member of the commission sent to Kulja. Four months later – member of the board of the regional executive committee.
In 1919, was again recalled to Tashkent, where he became a member of the Regional party Committee. Until 1920 he performed duties of member of the Committee and a Secretary, later joined Zhetysu party and worked at the Beureau of Muslims. At the end of 1920, he was appointed a member of the military Tribunal of the 3rd division of the Turkish front, where he served until 1921, till the end of 1922 - head of the investigative Department.
At the beginning of 1923 he arrived in China as an ambassador extraordinary, organized the resettlement of Kazakh refugees from Chuguchak to home. At the end of the same year he was appointed the prosecutor of Zhetysuisky region. In 1924 transferred as the prosecutor of KASSR.
On November 27, 1924, Boranbayev K. was appointed the people’s commissar and prosecutor of the republic. Heperformed these duties in total of 6 months.
April 15-19, 1925 – Boranbayev K. is the participant of the 5th All-Kazakh congress. He prepared information on public prosecutor's supervision, on activity of judicial investigating authorities and notary offices for a congress.
May 27, 1925, by the decision of the 5th All-Kazakh congress Boranbayev K. was replaced by Saduakas Mambeyev. Boranbayev K. is transferred to the structure of a commissariat.
In 1928 K. Boranbayev is expelled from party and forced to hide in Kyrgyzstan.
Since 1931 - the livestock specialist of the Land national commissariat in Uzbekistan.
At the beginning of 1933 was detained. For open outcry among prisoners, Boranbayev K. was sentenced to death, which was carried out on January 15, 1938 in Magadan.
SADUAKAS MAMBEYEV
Was born in 1898, in the settlement of Shiyeli of the Perovsky County, Syr Darya region. In 1914 he graduated from the Russian-Kazakh school and entered the highest education institution. In 1918 he was accepted for a one-year pedagogical courses in Tashkent.
July, 1922 – the assistant prosecutor of the Syr Darya region on the Tashkent County. Since March 1923 he studied two-year courses in Moscow.
At the beginning of 1925 - the prosecutor of the Zhetysusky province, in April, 1925 - the commissioner of justice and the prosecutor of the republic.
25 November, 1925 the 2nd all-Kazakh Congress of Soviet of workers of justice in Kzyl-Orda opened, at which S. Mambeyev made a speech. S. Mambeev was first to touch upon the legal issues in periodicals, publishing articles in Kazakh and Russian languages.
From May 1925 until January 1926, S. Mambeyev had signed over 100 letters to law enforcement agencies, also he had written notes to the accepted laws, had approved the regulations "On methods of monitoring the investigation," Rules of the bar.
Upon his initiative, the period of training in the Central Asian courses has been extended to 2 years, and 35 seats have been allocated to Kazakhstan; legal courses were opened under the commissariat in Kyzyl-Orda.
Since the end of 1927 Mambeyev is a member of the Party commission, the chairman of the control committee of the regional party committee.
From 1931 to 4 February 1938 - the Prosecutor of the Department within Kazakhstan of the Central Asian military district.
In 1938 he was condemned by the Collegium of the Supreme court to 10 years of imprisonment. After serving the term, in 1949 he was arrested again and sent to permanent exile in Siberia.
In September of 1955, S. Mambeyev’s case was reviewed and former court decrees were acknowledged invalid. He died in 1958.
ZHANAIDAR SADUAKASSOV
Was born in 1898 in the Sarysusky volost (presently Karaganda region).
In 1912 he studied at the Akmola parish school, continued studying in the Omsk normal school. Since 1919 worked in district national court, then as a responsible secretary district and provincial executive committees consequently.
At the 3rd congress of the Soviet Kazakh SSR he was elected a member of the Kazakh executive committee, was was approved by the Secretary of the Kazakh Central Executive Committee, engaged in the development projects of the first Kazakhstani laws.
In 1924 he was appointed Deputy Chairman of the People's Commissar of Finance, subsequently directed the chairman of Syrdarya Province Executive Committee.
January 17, 1928 he was appointed People's Commissar of Justice and the Prosecutor of the Republic.
Under the direct control of Saduakassov Zh. an inspection of implementation of the Decree about confiscation was carried out. At the initiative of Saduakassov Zh. at the Council of People's Commissars the regulations of the 9th part of the Criminal code were discussed and the decision to toughen them was made. Thanks to his efforts, by the end of 1929, Kazakhs accounted to 50,5 percent of people’s assessors, 105 of them were women.
Saduakassov Zh. held the post of a people’s commissar of justice and a prosecutor till April 1930.
Later, he acted as the head of transport division of the regional party committee, secretary of Alma-Atinsky regional and city party committees. During holding the post of deputy chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, he performed the duties of an editor of "Sotsialistik Kazakhstan" newspaper.
Directly communicating with writers, he was an initiator of a set of discussions about the future of the Kazakh Soviet literature, reviewed new works, focusing attention of young people on preserving national spirit.
He was arrested on September 17, 1937.
BORAN AITMAGAMBETOV
He was born in 1901 in Sarykolsky region of Gurevsky district, Uralsky province in a peasant’s family. For five years he studied at Guriev Kazakh school. He was forced to abandon his studies in search of a livelihood, was hired as a janitor, collier.
Till 1927 he worked at the oil production site in Makata, in the Volga-Caspian fisheries trust, an ordinary worker at the Guryev - Dossor railway construction. In June 1927 he was elected deputy chairman of the trade union of miners management. In March 1929 he was appointed head of the department of the Kazakh Soviet workers’ union.
At the end of 1929 he was sent to study at the Higher school of the trade-union movement of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions.
April 15, 1930 he was appointed national commissioner and the prosecutor of the republic.
He has held the post for more than two years, twice elected to the Bureau of the Kazakh district committee, was a candidate member of the Kazakh Central Executive Committee. These were the years of "class approach" in determining the punishment.
In accordance with the decree of the Kazakh Central Executive Committee he provided the organization and functioning of the public courts. In the first months of 1932, 2204 public court was established in the territory of Kazakhstan, which were composed of 14 984 persons.
In July 1933 Aitmagambetov B. was appointed chairman of the Executive committee of Guryev district. In February 1935 by the decision of the Kazakh district committee he was sent to the West Kazakhstan region.
December 25, 1937 he was arrested.
November 13, 1938 by the decision of the Board of the Supreme Court of RSFSR Aitmagambetov B. was sentenced to death.
ABDULLA ZHARMUKHAMEDOV
He was born on November 13, 1896. The place of birth was not determined. He graduated from the Samarkand primary school, then the four-year city secondary school. After graduating from it in 1914 he worked as a transcriber of district management of Kattakkurgan (Uzbekistan), later as a translator. Here he was appointed the head of the county police.
In February 1918 he was sent to the administration of Mitaksky district militia. In June 1919, Zharmukhamedov A. was admitted to the Bolshevik party, the same year he was appointed Chairman of the County Commission for emergency cases in Kattakurgan.
In March 1923 – deputy chairman of the Commission for internal affairs of Turkestan autonomous republic.
He was three times awarded the Order of Red Banner. In March, 1926, was approved by the Central Asian Bureau of the People's Commissar of internal Affairs of the Tajik Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
After returning home, Zharmukhamedov A. worked as a first Deputy People's Commissar for trade, then the Chairman of the Executive committees of Semipalatinsk, Aktobe district, Almaty city Councils.
Since November 9 1933 – commissar of justice. The main responsibility of judicial authorities in those years, was also the control over the use of livestock. To carry out such control at the beginning of 1934 Zharmukhamedov A. had established
the Regional Council of Justice employees.
Thanks to his perseverance the proposal to open of Soviet construction of the legal department at the Alma-Ata Institute was approved.
In 1935-1940 - Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Aulieatinsky district of Uralsk city.
September 21, 1940 Zharmukhamedov A. passed away.
KHAMZA ZHUSIPBEKOV
Was born in 1900 in Nura auyl of Karagandinskaya region.
From the first days of the October revolution he took part in the revolutionary movement, engaged in the activities of "Democratic Union of youth", joined the revolutionary Union of youth "Zhas Kazakh".
Starting in 1920, he was an instructor of provincial bereau of the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks) and of the provincial revolutionary Committee, Secretary of the county committee of the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks) in Kokchetav, head of the organizational department of the Akmola provincial Committee, Executive Secretary of Bukeyevsky provincial Committee, Chairman of the Central Committee of the Union of education workers, the Executive Secretary of regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks), the Secretary of the regional Committee, the Chairman of RCTU (Regional Council of trade unions).
In 1929 he headed the magazine "Kyzyl Kazakhstan". During these years he published his collections of "Women's work", "Karsakbay". Zhusupbekov Kh. directly participated in the formation of the Kazakh Soviet writers. He translated into the Kazakh language a number of scientific works, fiction works. The novel "How the steel was tempered" was translated into Kazakh language for the first time by Zhusupbekov Kh.
Zusipbekov Kh. was a delegate of the 15th congress of the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks), Congress of the trade unions; 4th , 5th, 6th regional party conference, in 1927, 1932, 1936, he was a member of the Bureau of the regional Committee of the ACP(b), in 1935-1936 - member of the Presidium of the Executive Committee of Kazakhstan.
February 26, 1938 Khamza Zhusipbekov was shot.
SULEIMAN YESKARAYEV
He was born in August, 1897 in Kyzyl-Orda region in the peasant's family. In 1910-1919 worked as the concreter at brickyard of the Kyzyl-Orda station, the smith in railway depot.
In 1918 he joined the ranks of the party. In October 1919 he was sent to six-months courses at the Tashkent Party and Soviet school.
In 1921-1922 – deputy head of the Emergency Committee of Tashkentsky region, deputy secretary of the Turkestan regional party committee.
In the beginning of 1923 he returned Syrdaryinsky region, held the post of a regional executive committe chairman, headed the organizational department of the party committee. In 1925 at the 2ndAll-Kazakh congress of the KASSR Councils, was elected as people’s commissar of internal affairs of KASSR. In 1928-1930 – chief instructor of Red militia.
In 1930 he entered Moscow Academy of Planning.
In 1933 after graduating from the academy, Regional party committee sent him as a chairman of the Executive Committee to one of the particularly distressed large areas, namely Karagandinskaya region.
April 17, 1936 at the Council of People's Commissariat of Justice of RSFSR Yeskarayev S. presented a detailed report on the justice and the procuracy of Kazakhstan. As a result, special resolution consisting of 19 items aimed at qualitative improvement of logistics of law enforcement bodies of the Republic was adopted. Within short period of time thanks to to his perseverance, the working conditions for law enforcement agencies were improved: in 1937 the budget included funding for the construction of the building of the Commissariat of Justice. National law schools were opened in Aktobe, West Kazakhstan, Karaganda regions. In Kazan Institute, 50 seats have been allocated to Kazakhstan.
With the assistance of Yeskarayev S., who had achieved the independence of the judicial investigation service in the fall of 1936, independent procuracy was created in Kazakhstan.
Yeskarayev S. held the position of justice commissar until August 17, 1936, then worked as a deputy chairman of the Council of People’s Commisars.
He was arrested in summer of 1937.
SHASHAN ORAZBAYEV
He was born on October 25, 1908 in the aul No. 18 of Baksaysky district of Guryev area, higher education.
1930-1931 - the chairman of regional professional council of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions. Guryev area.
1931-1932 - the chairman of the board of regional working cooperation. Guryev area.
1934-1935 - the instructor of district committee of Komsomol. Guryev.
1935-1937 - the secretary of the Dengizsky district committee of Komsomol. Guryev area.
1937-1939 - the manager of Sovtorgotdel of regional committee of the party. Guryev.
1939-1943 - the national commissioner of justice of the Kazakh SSR. Alma-Ata.
1943-1952 - the chairman of the Aktyubinsk regional executive committee.
1952-1955 - the listener of the Higher Party school at the Central Committee of the CPSU. Moscow.
1955-1959 - the chairman of the Pavlodar regional executive committee.
1960-1962 - the first deputy chairman of the Guryev regional executive committee.
1962-1967 - the vice-chairman of the Guryev regional executive committee.
Awards:
1945 - an award of the Labour Red Banner, the medal "For Valorous Work in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."
1947, 1957 - awards of the Labour Red Banner.
Дата публикации
02 июля 2020
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02 июля 2020
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