Intellectual property (IP) is the creation of the human mind. IP includes objects of copyright (works of science, literature and art), objects of industrial property (inventions, industrial designs, utility models, trade names, as well as trademarks and appellations of origin), as well as selection achievements.
The law allows IP objects to be protected, for example, through patents, copyrights and trademarks, which allows individuals and legal entities to seek recognition or receive financial rewards for their inventions or works. By balancing the interests of inventors and the General public, the IP system creates the conditions for creativity and innovation to flourish.
Intellectual property rights are like any other property right. They allow authors – or owners of patents, trademarks or works of copyright - to benefit from their own work or investment in its creation. These rights are enshrined in article 27 of the universal Declaration of human rights, which recognizes the right of everyone to the protection of his moral and material interests resulting from scientific, literary or artistic works of which he is the author.
The importance of intellectual property was first noted in the treaties of the Paris Convention for the protection of industrial property (1883) and the Berne Convention for the protection of literary and artistic works (1886). The world intellectual property organization (WIPO) administers these treaties.
WIPO is the UN specialized Agency for the protection of intellectual property rights. WIPO has 191 member States. The WIPO Secretariat is located in Geneva.
5 February 1993 the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan adopted the Declaration on International treaties in the field of industrial property protection, in accordance with that Convention, WIPO, signed at Stockholm in 1967, continues to apply in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and that this area will perform all the obligations stipulated in the said conventions, agreement and Treaty.
Also, the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan is covered by the regional system of IP rights protection. On September 9, 1994, Kazakhstan signed the Eurasian patent Convention, which established the Eurasian patent organization.
EAPO is a key regional organization of the Eurasian space in the field of intellectual property and includes eight countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan.
In the Republic of Kazakhstan, the state policy in the field of protection and protection of intellectual property rights is implemented by the Ministry of justice. The expert organization in the field of intellectual property subordinated to the Ministry of justice is RSE "national Institute of intellectual property".