On approval of the National Plan to ensure the rights and improve the quality of life of persons with disabilities in the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2025
Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated May 28, 2019 No. 326.
Footnote. The title has been amended in Kazakh, the text in Russian is not changed by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 31.12.2022 No. 1142 (effective after ten calendar days after the date of its first official publication).
The Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan DECIDES:
- To approve the attached National Plan to Ensure the Rights and Improve the Quality of Life of Persons with Disabilities in the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2025 (hereinafter referred to as the National Plan).
Footnote. Paragraph 1 has been amended in Kazakh, the text in Russian is not changed by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 31.12.2022 No. 1142 (effective after ten calendar days after the date of its first official publication).
- Central State and local executive bodies responsible for the implementation of the National Plan:
1) take the necessary measures to implement the National Plan;
2) once a year, no later than January 20, following the reporting year, to submit information on the implementation of the National Plan to the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
- The Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan, no later than February 15, following the reporting year, submit to the Office of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan summary information on the implementation of the National Plan measures.
- To assign control over the execution of this resolution to the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Population of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
- This resolution shall enter into force from the date of its signing.
Prime Minister
Of the Republic of Kazakhstan A. Mamin
Approved
by Government Decree
Of the Republic of Kazakhstan
dated May 28 , 2019 No. 326
National plan to ensure the rights and improve the quality of life of persons with disabilities in the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2025
Footnote. The National Plan - as amended by the Decree of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 26.10.2022 No. 850 (comes into effect after ten calendar days after the date of its first official publication).
Section 1. Introduction
The creation of an effective system of social protection measures for persons with disabilities is one of the priorities of the State's social policy.
The objectives of the National Plan to Ensure the Rights and Improve the Quality of Life of Persons with Disabilities in the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2025 (hereinafter referred to as the National Plan) are the implementation of the commitments undertaken by the Republic of Kazakhstan in connection with the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the formation of an inclusive society through the creation of a favorable environment for all vulnerable groups within the framework of social modernization of Kazakhstan until 2030.
The three–stage implementation of the Action Plan to Ensure the Rights and Improve the Quality of Life of Persons with Disabilities in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2012-2018 (hereinafter referred to as the Action Plan), aimed at creating conditions for the implementation of the provisions of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, has been completed. The main goals and objectives of the Action Plan have been fulfilled.
To determine the main priorities and a comprehensive integrated approach in creating conditions for self-realization and full integration of persons with disabilities into the socio-economic life of the country, this National Plan has been developed.
The modern global paradigm consists in the transition from the traditional understanding of limited health opportunities to a more complex synthesis of individual differences and universal rights in the aspect of quality of life.
The National Plan is aimed at implementing international standards, taking into account global trends in the development of the social protection system for persons with disabilities.
The goals and objectives outlined in the National Plan are to be implemented in accordance with the Action Plan to Ensure the Rights and Improve the Quality of Life of Persons with Disabilities in the Republic of Kazakhstan until 2025 in accordance with the annex to this National Plan.
Section 2. Analysis of the current situation
Chapter 1. Disability prevention
Footnote. Chapter 1 as amended by the Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 31.12.2022 No. 1142 (effective after ten calendar days after the date of its first official publication).
Currently, more than 680 thousand people with special needs live in Kazakhstan, of which 61.5% are of working age, 25.7% are of retirement age, 12.8% are children under 18.
The proportion of persons with special needs is relatively stable and has been 3.7% among the entire population over the past three years.
According to the World Health Organization, human health depends on the health system by only 10% and by 50% on the lifestyle that is formed under the influence of the human environment, the right to choose, the quality of life and the availability of health promotion opportunities. Prevention offers the most cost-effective long-term strategy to combat non-communicable diseases, which are the main cause of disability.
Strengthening the health of the population to ensure sustainable socio-economic development of the country is the goal of the national project "Quality and affordable healthcare for every citizen "Healthy Nation";
A new public health policy is being implemented based on an integrated approach to disease prevention and management, and the modernization of the national health system is also being carried out, focused on efficiency, financial sustainability and support for socio-economic growth, which, in turn, affects disability indicators.
One of the measures to protect the health of citizens and prevent disability was the introduction and improvement of screening programs. Screening technologies in many countries are the main elements of health care aimed at identifying diseases and risk factors for diseases in order to reduce morbidity and mortality.
In the republic since 2008, the target group for early detection of diseases are diseases of the circulatory system; precancerous conditions and breast cancer; precancerous processes and cervical cancer.
During the implementation of screenings in Kazakhstan, more than 60 million screening examinations of the adult population were conducted. More than 2.5 million cases of diseases have been identified (4.2% of the total number of screening studies conducted), of which 1.5 million cases are diseases of the circulatory system, 245.8 thousand cases are cervical cancer, 607.8 thousand cases are breast cancer, 62.2 thousand cases are diabetes mellitus, 33.4 thousand cases are glaucoma and 11.5 thousand cases are colorectal cancer.
Since 2011, target groups have been introduced to detect diabetes mellitus, glaucoma, precancerous pathology and colon and rectal cancer (colorectal cancer).
The age groups of screening have been expanded and the frequency of examination has been determined:
1) patients from 40 to 70 years of age undergo screening for arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus with a frequency of once every two years;
2) cervical cancer screening – women aged 30-70 years with a frequency of once every four years;
3) breast cancer screening – women from 40 to 70 years old with a frequency of once every two years.
An analysis of the implementation of screening programs over a nine-year period made it possible to identify the following patterns. The overwhelming majority of people subject to screening undergo examinations of the population.
In order to improve prenatal diagnostics, prevention of congenital and hereditary diseases in children, reduction of childhood morbidity and disability, prenatal, neonatal and audiological screening of newborns and young children, screening of psychophysical development of young children, ophthalmological screening of premature newborns is carried out in the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Medical organizations are being equipped with equipment and auxiliary devices, taking into account the special needs of persons with disabilities.
In order to strengthen the preventive orientation of primary health care (hereinafter referred to as PHC), the following measures were carried out:
1) as part of the integration of specialized services, tuberculosis, oncological, mammological offices were additionally opened in polyclinics, and mental health offices were opened;
2) the institute of social workers was established (2014 – 1.2 people per 10 thousand population, in 2017 – 7.4 people per 10 thousand population);
3) the number of general practitioners increased from 3,101 in 2014 to 5,382 in 2017, i.e. by more than 70 %;
4) since 2014, a comprehensive per capita standard has been introduced, which in 2017 amounted to 683 tenge and increased by 29.3% compared to 2014. Financing of primary health care in the total financing of the guaranteed volume of free medical care increased from 33% in 2014 to 37% in 2017. The level of PHC financing between the regions has been equalized with an increase in the tariff per 1 resident (from 169 to 683 tenge).
Despite the measures taken by the state to prevent disability and the positive dynamics of population health indicators, the life expectancy of Kazakhstanis is almost 10 years less than in the member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (hereinafter – the OECD).
Annually, more than 50 thousand people are recognized as persons with disabilities for the first time, the indicator of primary disability for the last 3 years is unstable, in 2015 – 28.5, in 2016 – 29.4, in 2017 – 28.9, and by the end of 2018 it increased and amounted to 29.2 cases per 10 thousand population.