In order to further define the main directions of the state's anti-corruption policy, I DECREE:
1. To approve the attached Anti-Corruption Strategy of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2015-2025 (hereinafter referred to as the Strategy).
2. The Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, state bodies directly subordinate and accountable to the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, akims of regions, cities of republican significance, the capital should be guided in their activities by the Strategy and take the necessary measures to implement it.
Footnote. Paragraph 2 as amended by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 04.08.2018 No. 723.
3. To assign control over the execution of this Decree to the Administration of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
4. This Decree shall enter into force from the date of signing.
President
of the Republic of Kazakhstan N. NAZARBAYEV
APPROVED
By the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan
dated December 26, 2014 No. 986
ANTI-CORRUPTION STRATEGY
REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN FOR 2015-2025
Content
Footnote. Content as amended by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 27.05.2020 No. 341.
1. Introduction
2. Analysis of the current situation
2.1. Positive trends in the field of anti-corruption
2.2. Problems requiring solutions
2.3. The main factors contributing to corruption manifestations
3. Purpose and objectives
3.1. Purpose and target indicators
3.2. Tasks
4. Key directions, main approaches and priority measures
4.1. Combating corruption in the field of public service
4.2. Introduction of the Institute of Public Control
4.3. Countering corruption in the quasi-public and private sector
4.4. Prevention of corruption in judicial and law enforcement agencies
4.5. Formation of a system of integrity and anti-corruption culture in society
4.6. Development of international cooperation on anti-corruption issues
5. Monitoring and evaluation of the strategy implementation
1. Introduction
Footnote. Section 1 as amended by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 27.05.2020 No. 341.
The strategy "Kazakhstan-2050": The new political course of the established state" elevates corruption to the rank of a direct threat to national security and aims the state and society to unite efforts in the fight against this negative phenomenon.
The main strategic document of our country, reflecting Kazakhstan's principled position on this important issue, serves as the basis of the state's anti-corruption policy in the coming years.
It is well known that corruption leads to a decrease in the efficiency of public administration, the investment attractiveness of the country, hinders progressive socio-economic development.
Since the first days of state independence, Kazakhstan has been purposefully and gradually following the course of creating effective institutions and mechanisms for combating corruption that meet international standards.
Our country has modern anti-corruption legislation, the basis of which are the laws "On Combating Corruption" and "On the Civil Service of the Republic of Kazakhstan", a number of program documents are being implemented, an authorized body has been formed that implements functions in the field of combating corruption, international cooperation in the field of anti-corruption activities is actively carried out.
Based on the principles of meritocracy, in which leadership positions are occupied by capable and professionally trained people, regardless of their social origin and property status, a system of public service has been formed, including with a clear delineation and definition of the functions and powers of each body and official of the state.
Comprehensive measures have been taken to develop the sphere of public services and informatization of the work of the state apparatus, reducing direct contacts of officials with citizens and minimizing conditions for corruption phenomena.
The measures taken to improve the standard of living of citizens, the growth of the national economy, improve business conditions, legal literacy and social activity of the population, the introduction of e-government, which allowed Kazakhstan to become one of the 50 most competitive countries in the world, also create prerequisites for the formation of a culture of law-abiding and generally accepted anti-corruption behaviors.
At the same time, the solution of strategic tasks for further economic growth, improving the welfare of the people, the realization of the ambitious task of becoming one of the thirty most competitive countries in the world requires the adoption of new systemic measures based on the modernization of the anti-corruption policy of the state and increasing the role of civil society institutions in its implementation, which would minimize corruption manifestations as much as possible.
In this regard, at this stage there is a need to adopt a new state policy document defining the anti-corruption strategy (hereinafter referred to as the Strategy or Anti-Corruption Strategy).
In such a document, the leading role should be given to comprehensive preventive measures that can radically reduce the level of corruption, eliminate the causes and conditions that give rise to it in various spheres of state and society. That is, the emphasis should be placed on eliminating the prerequisites of corruption, and not on combating its consequences.
Improving the competitiveness of the national economy also implies the priority of measures to eliminate administrative barriers to business development, effective protection of the rights and legitimate interests of domestic and foreign entrepreneurs working in Kazakhstan from any corruption manifestations.
In general, such a Strategy should cover the main spheres of the life of the state and society, provide for the development and implementation of a complex of versatile and consistent anti-corruption measures and, thereby, ensure maximum reduction of corruption at all levels of government, as well as in the private sector, to form an intolerant attitude of Kazakhstani citizens to this social evil.
At the same time, the basic directions determined by the Strategy cannot be data once and for all. They should be adjusted as individual measures are carried out and taking into account the results of an in-depth analysis of the phenomenon of corruption, its causes, motivation for corrupt behavior, a serious and objective assessment of the state of affairs in the fight against corruption.
2. Analysis of the current situation
Footnote. Section 2 as amended by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated 27.05.2020 No. 341.
2.1. Positive trends in the field of anti-corruption
At the previous stages of the development of the Kazakh state, generally recognized results were achieved, there were obvious positive trends in the fight against corruption, the strengthening and development of which will be the key to the successful implementation of this Anti-Corruption strategy at the present stage of the country's development.
Kazakhstan was one of the first in the CIS to adopt the Law "On Combating Corruption", which defined the goals, objectives, basic principles and mechanisms for combating this negative phenomenon.
Since 2001, State anti-corruption programs have been implemented, within the framework of which specific measures are being taken to eliminate the causes and conditions of corruption manifestations.
The Law "On Public Service" in force since 1999 and the Code of Honor of Civil Servants approved by the Head of State in 2005 created the basis for the formation of a professional state apparatus in Kazakhstan, built on the principles of accountability, transparency and meritocracy.
A state body has been created that combines regulatory and law enforcement functions in the field of combating corruption. It is designed not only to form and implement an anti-corruption policy, but also to coordinate the activities of state bodies, organizations and quasi-public sector entities in the prevention of corruption. In addition, its activities are aimed at identifying, suppressing, uncovering and investigating corruption crimes.
At the same time, preventive and preventive activities are a priority for the newly created body.
The principle of inevitability of punishment is being successfully implemented. Officials convicted of committing acts of corruption, regardless of their positions and ranks, are liable to the fullest extent of the law.
The criminal law policy ensures strict liability of officials for committing corruption crimes.
The need for severe responsibility for corruption crimes is provided for by the Concept of the Legal Policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period from 2010 to 2020.
Such a principled approach is implemented in the new Criminal Code. Thus, when committing a corruption crime, a suspended sentence is prohibited, a lifetime ban on the right to hold positions in public service has been introduced, and persons who have committed corruption crimes for the first time are released from criminal liability in connection with active repentance only by the court.
The anti-corruption legislation has been supplemented with norms on confiscation of property obtained by criminal means, personal responsibility of managers for combating corruption. It enshrines such an important concept as "conflict of interests".
At the same time, along with strengthening the responsibility of civil servants, their social guarantees are also being improved.
The gradual, regular increase in the salary of the state apparatus is designed to improve the social well-being of civil servants and create conditions for them to perform their duties on an honest and fair basis.