ANTI-CORRUPTION STRATEGY
REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN FOR 2015-2025
1. Introduction
2. Analysis of the current situation
2.1. Positive trends in the field of anti-corruption
2.2. Problems that need to be solved
2.3. Main factors contributing to corruption
3. Purpose and objectives
3.1. Goal and target indicators
3.2. Tasks
4. Key directions, main approaches and priority measures
4.1. Anti-corruption in the public service
4.2. Introduction of the Institute of public control
4.3. countering corruption in the quasi-public and private sector
4.4. Prevention of corruption in judicial and law enforcement agencies
4.5. Formation of the level of anti-corruption culture
4.6. Development of international cooperation on anti-corruption issues
5. Monitoring and evaluating the implementation of the strategy
1. Introduction
Strategy " Kazakhstan-2050": The new political course of the established state " raises corruption to the rank of a direct threat to national security and aims the state and society to join forces in the fight against this negative phenomenon.
The main strategic document of our country, which reflects the principled position of Kazakhstan on this important issue, serves as the basis of the state's anti-corruption policy in the coming years.
It is well known that corruption leads to a decrease in the efficiency of public administration, investment attractiveness of the country, and hinders progressive socio-economic development.
Since the first days of state independence, Kazakhstan has been purposefully and gradually following the course of creating effective anti-corruption institutions and mechanisms that meet international standards.
Our country has a modern anti-corruption legislation, which are based on the laws "On combating corruption" and "About state service", implemented a number of policy documents, formed by a special authorized body, implementing the complex functions in the sphere of civil service and combating corruption, actively carried out international cooperation in the field of anti-corruption activities.
Based on the principles of meritocracy, in which leadership positions are held by capable and professionally trained people, regardless of their social origin and property status, the system of public service has been formed, including with a clear division and definition of the functions and powers of each body and official of the state.
Comprehensive measures have been taken to develop the sphere of public services and informatize the work of the state apparatus, reducing direct contacts between officials and citizens and minimizing conditions for corruption.
The measures taken to improve the standard of living of citizens, the growth of the national economy, improve business conditions, legal literacy and social activity of the population, the introduction of e-government, which allowed Kazakhstan to become one of the 50 most competitive countries in the world, also create prerequisites for the formation of a culture of law-abiding and generally accepted anti-corruption behaviors.
However, the strategic objectives for the further economic growth, improve people's welfare, realization of the ambitious task of entering the top thirty most competitive countries in the world, requires the adoption of a new system of measures based on the modernization of anti-corruption policy and enhancing the role of civil society institutes in its implementation, which would allow to minimize corruption.
In this regard, at this stage, there is a need to adopt a new policy document of the state that defines the anti-corruption strategy (hereinafter – the Strategy or anti-Corruption strategy).
In such a document, the leading role should be given to comprehensive preventive measures that can radically reduce the level of corruption and eliminate the causes and conditions that give rise to it in various spheres of state and society. In other words, the focus should be on eliminating the prerequisites for corruption, rather than fighting its consequences.
Improving the competitiveness of the national economy also implies prioritizing measures to eliminate administrative barriers to business development, effective protection of the rights and legitimate interests of domestic and foreign entrepreneurs working in Kazakhstan from any corruption manifestations.
In General, such a Strategy should cover the main spheres of life of the state and society, provide for the development and implementation of a complex of versatile and consistent anti-corruption measures and, thus, ensure the maximum reduction of corruption at all levels of government, as well as in the private sector, and form an intolerant attitude of Kazakh citizens to this social evil.
At the same time, the basic directions defined by the Strategy cannot be data once and for all. They should be adjusted as individual measures are implemented, taking into account the results of an in-depth analysis of the phenomenon of corruption, its causes, the motivation for corrupt behavior, and a serious and objective assessment of the state of Affairs in the fight against corruption.
2. Analysis of the current situation
2.1. Positive trends in the field of anti-corruption
At the previous stages of the development of the Kazakh state, generally recognized results were achieved, there were obvious positive trends in the fight against corruption, the strengthening and development of which will be the key to the successful implementation of this anti-Corruption strategy at the current stage of the country's development.
Kazakhstan was one of the first countries in the CIS to adopt the Law "on fighting corruption", which defined the goals, objectives, basic principles and mechanisms to combat this negative phenomenon.
Since 2001, state anti-corruption programs have been implemented, which take concrete measures to eliminate the causes and conditions of corruption.
The Law "on civil service" in force since 1999 and the Code of honor of civil servants approved by the Head of state in 2005 have created the basis for the formation of a professional state apparatus in Kazakhstan based on the principles of accountability, transparency and meritocracy.
A special state body has been created that combines regulatory and law enforcement functions in the field of public service and anti-corruption. It is intended not only to regulate the organization and conduct of public service and monitor the cleanliness of the state apparatus, but also has the function of preventing and preventing corruption, as well as criminal prosecution of persons who have committed corruption crimes.
At the same time, preventive activities are a priority for the newly created body.
The principle of inevitability of punishment is successfully implemented. Officials found guilty of committing acts of corruption, regardless of their positions and ranks, are liable to the full extent of the law.
The criminal law policy ensures strict liability of officials for committing corruption crimes.
The concept of legal policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan for the period from 2010 to 2020 provides for strict liability for corruption crimes.
This principled approach is implemented in the new Criminal code. Thus, the Statute of limitations will not apply to persons who have committed corruption crimes, a ban on probation will be imposed, and a lifetime ban on the right to hold positions in the public service will be introduced.
The anti-corruption legislation is supplemented with provisions on confiscation of property obtained by criminal means, personal responsibility of managers for anti-corruption. It contains such an important concept as"conflict of interest".
At the same time, along with increasing the responsibility of civil servants, their social guarantees are also being improved.
The gradual and regular increase in the salary of the state apparatus is intended to improve the social well-being of civil servants and create conditions for them to perform their duties on an honest and fair basis.
The state program for further modernization of the law enforcement system for the period up to 2020 and The concept of personnel policy of law enforcement agencies provide for measures aimed at increasing the level of confidence in law enforcement agencies, the formation of personnel with impeccable behavior and a high level of competence.
Special attention is paid to increasing confidence in the judicial system and strengthening its role in protecting the rights and legitimate interests of citizens. Measures have been taken to improve the mechanism for forming the corps of judges, develop electronic court proceedings, and increase its transparency and accessibility.
Access to information has been expanded everywhere, which has been facilitated by measures to form e-government, as well as Internet resources of public and private structures.
Conditions have been created for citizens to freely inform about corruption, including through helplines and websites of state bodies.
In order to increase the investment attractiveness of the country and increase its competitiveness, administrative barriers that make it difficult for businesses and the population to obtain high-quality and fast public services are being eliminated.
With the adoption of the Law " on public services "and the Law" on permits and notifications", conditions have been created to improve the quality of public services provided, and the number of permits and licensed activities has been drastically reduced.
A system for evaluating the effectiveness and external quality control of public services has been formed.