Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a natural focal disease characterized by intoxication, fever, hemorrhagic syndrome and kidney damage. The source of infection and the reservoir of the virus in nature are murine rodents (bank vole, field mouse, gray and black rats, and various species of gray voles).

In the West Kazakhstan region, natural foci of HFRS are found in the Burlinsky, Terektinsky, Chingirlausky districts and the Baiterek region, bordering the Orenburg, Samara, Saratov regions of the Russian Federation.

In our region, cases of HFRS have been registered since 2000. In recent years, isolated cases of HFRS have been recorded (2018 - 6 cases, 2019 - 2 cases), and for 8 months of this year, the incidence of HFRS has not been registered.

Every year, preventive measures are carried out in the region, a barrier and continuous pest control against murine rodents is carried out. From October 1, specialists from the branches of the disinfection services of the WKO are planning to carry out barrier deratization in disadvantaged settlements for HFRS.

The main route of transmission of infection from rodents to humans is airborne dust (with inhalation of dust contaminated with rodent excrement, when working with hay, grain, preparing firewood, hunting, fishing, picking berries or mushrooms); food and alimentary (with the use of products infected with rodent secretions, dirty hands while eating), contact (with direct contact with sick animals, bites, cutting up rodent carcasses, when secretions get on open wounds and abrasions).

The main clinical symptoms are acute onset, an increase in body temperature up to 39-40 ° C, chills, headache, hyperemia (redness) of the face, mucous membranes. From 3-4 days against the background of a decrease in temperature, pain in the lower back, abdomen, a rash on the trunk, signs of kidney damage (a decrease in the amount of urine) appear.

There is no specific prophylaxis for HFRS, and a vaccine has not been developed to date. When the first signs of the disease appear, an urgent need to consult a doctor.