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№ |
Ecological problem |
Description |
Measures taken and solutions |
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Kostanay region |
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1 |
The problem of solid waste disposal in settlements of the region (ineffective solid waste management) |
In all settlements of the Kostanay region, the current municipal waste management system does not fully meet the modern requirements for this type of activity. In this regard, there is a risk of pollution of the environment with solid waste |
According to the akimats of cities and districts, about 250 thousand tons of solid waste are generated annually in the region, which are disposed of at landfills and rural dumps. On the territory of the region there are 264 waste disposal facilities (solid waste landfills and rural dumps), the share of their compliance with environmental requirements and sanitary rules is 50%. In order to effectively manage waste, the activities of the Roadmap for waste management are being implemented. As part of the roadmap, the akimats of cities and districts, together with the owners of solid waste landfills, are working on equipping solid waste landfills (installation of a barrier, drainage trench, embankment, fencing, measuring instruments), and issuing permits for emissions into the environment. At the same time, measures are being taken to optimize and enlarge waste disposal facilities, the use of which is impractical (empty areas), while for residents of settlements, measures are provided for the provision of services by individuals and legal entities in organizing the collection and disposal of waste. For reference: in the period from 2019-2020. Akimats of cities and districts optimized 40 solid waste landfills (Kamystinsky district - 12, Kostanay district - 11, Denisovsky district - 9, Uzunkol district - 7, Zhitikara district - 3), as a result of which the number of waste disposal facilities decreased from 306 to 264. For the reporting period of 2020, the share of recycling and recycling of solid waste amounted to 11.9%, at the end of the 1st quarter of 2021 - 10.49%. At present, the system of separate collection of waste paper, plastic, glass, aluminum is carried out in 20 settlements of the region (the cities of Kostanay, Rudny, Zhitikara, Arkalyk, Tobyl, the village of Zarechnoye, the village of Michurino of the Kostanay region, the village of Denisovka, Pereleski, Arshalinsky village of Denisovsky district, Uzunkol village of Uzunkol district, Shcherbakovo village of Altynsara district, Karabalyk village of Karabalyk district, Sarykol village of Sarykol district, Torgai village of Dzhangeldinsky district, Karamendy village of Bourzum district, village Pervomayskoye village, Mendykarinsky district, Tobol village, Ayet village of B. Mailin district). The total number of specialized containers installed on the territory of the region (mesh, eco-tanks) is more than 1900 units. There are 4 points of reception of recyclable materials (Kostanay, Tobol, Denisovka, Uzunkol). There is a system for the separate collection of hazardous waste, on the territory of the region there are 145 special containers for used mercury-containing lamps (RSL) and chemical power sources, and in the city of Kostanay there are 10 specialized containers for the collection of electronic and electrical equipment (used computer equipment, ogre . appliances, household appliances, etc.) from the population. Waste sorting is carried out in 26 settlements of Amangeldinsky, Auliekolsky, Zhitikarinsky, Karasu, Mendykarinsky, Fedorovsky, them. B. Mailin districts, and in the cities of Kostanay, Rudny, Lisakovsk. The sorting process is carried out at solid waste landfills and waste transfer sites. There are 3 waste sorting lines in the region (Atameken 4+ LLP, Kostanay, Salem KZ LLP, Lisakovsk, Ecoprom LLP, Kostanay district), as well as manual waste sorting. On the territory of the region there are 8 enterprises engaged in the processing of recyclable materials. Thus, enterprises produce finished products from waste paper, plastic, rubber, iron, ash and slag: Atameken 4 Plus LLP - polymer sand tiles (pilot project), SMF System Nonwovens Factory LLP - polyester fiber, polyethylene, geotextile, geocomposite, geoframes, polyethylene gas and water pipes, Cardboard and Paper Mill 2015 LLP - trays for eggs, Tazalyk 2012 LLP - manholes of inspection wells, Edil and Company LLP - rubber crumb, gas, pyrolysis oil, Karasu LLP Tazalyk 2018 ", FE" Dastan ", FE" Nasyrov "- cinder blocks. The Department on an ongoing basis monitors the locations of spontaneous dumps through the geoportal of JSC NC "Kazakstan Karaysh Sapary" (within a radius of 50 km from Kostanay and 40 km from Lisakovsk). In order to systematically monitor and take immediate measures to eliminate landfills, the issue of access of akimats of cities and districts to the geoportal has been worked out. So, as of May 20 of this year, 538 contaminated sites were identified, including 447 were liquidated, 6 sites were not confirmed as dumps (official landfills for solid waste), work is underway on 85 sites to eliminate them |
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2 |
Inefficient operation of existing sewage treatment plants (WWTP) in the cities of Lisakovsk, Rudny, Zhitikara, Arkalyk |
The WWTP was built in the 70s and is on the balance sheet of utilities. Every year, due to high wear and tear, the efficiency of the WWTP decreases. So, the depreciation of WWTP is 67.4% in Rudny, 34% in Lisakovsk, 70.1% in Zhitikara, 100% in Arkalyk |
Under the "Nurly Zher" program for 2020-2025, in 2021, it is planned to implement 9 projects on wastewater disposal, for which 1,998.2 million tenge of budgetary funds have been allocated, including: - 4 projects for the reconstruction and construction of sewer collectors in Kostanay and Rudny, allocated from the republican and local budgets 1 313.9 million tenge (“Reconstruction of the gravity collector on V. Internationalists St. from Arystanbekov St. , Kostanay "," Reconstruction of a gravity collector on Shipin St. to KNS-5 in Kostanay "," Construction of a sewer collector in Rudny "," Reconstruction of a gravity sewer on Naberezhnaya St. within the boundaries of Pushkin St. - st. Shipin in the city of Kostanay "), of which 1 project (construction of a sewer in the city of Rudny) rolling over to 2022; - 4 projects for the reconstruction of sewage pumping stations in Kostanay, allocated from the local budget 625.2 million tenge (SCNS, sewage pumping station No. 1, No. 2, No. 5a); - 1 project for the construction of a drainage system for microdistricts No. 13 and No. 13a in the city of Lisakovsk, 59.1 million tenge were allocated from the local budget. In order to fulfill the instructions of the Chairman of the Security Council of the Republic of Kazakhstan N. Nazarbayev, given at the end of the meeting of the Security Council of the Republic of Kazakhstan regarding the study of issues of modernization of the WWTP, including through attracting private investment, MIIR is considering the issue of construction and reconstruction of the WWTP in 53 cities of Kazakhstan. For the implementation of these projects, the Prime Minister of the Republic of Kazakhstan approved the approach to the implementation of the WWTP within the framework of the Unified Construction and Reconstruction Project by attracting loans from international financial organizations (hereinafter referred to as IFIs). In Kostanay region, this project includes the cities of Kostanay, Lisakovsk, Zhitikara and Arkalyk. To date, according to the information of KazCenter Housing and Public Utilities JSC, the development of a Unified Feasibility Study for the reconstruction and construction of sewage treatment facilities in the cities of Kostanay, Lisakovsk, Zhitikara and Arkalyk has been suspended due to lack of funding due to the coronavirus pandemic. The cost will be determined after the development of a feasibility study and design estimates. At the same time, the Akimat of the city of Arkalyk has developed design and estimate documentation for the project "Reconstruction of sewage treatment facilities in the city of Arkalyk", with an estimated cost of 1.725 billion tenge. The issue of conducting an examination in 2021 is being resolved |
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3 |
Lack of biological treatment plant (SBO) in the regional center, Kostanay
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The sewerage and treatment facilities of Kostanay are presented in the form of earthen sedimentation tanks, including three parallel maps, fenced with dams, working alternately. The total area is 107.6 thousand m2. Operation began in 1966. The applied wastewater treatment technology does not meet modern requirements, the treatment is carried out only for mechanical impurities. The cleaning efficiency for suspended solids is no more than 20%. The annual volume of discharge is about 13 million m3 |
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4 |
Location of the industrial wastewater storage tank of the former copper-ammonia plant in the water protection zone of the Tobol River within the city of Kostanay |
The copper-ammonia production plant ceased operations in the 80s. The excess of MPC for copper is recorded at the location of the storage |
The Department of Ecology in the Kostanay region has been conducting state monitoring on an ongoing basis since 2010 on the copper content at the location of the storage cards and their impact on the Tobol River. According to the results of samples taken in the last four years, the influence of MAP on the quality of the Tobol River is not traced. Monitoring work will continue. An increased background content for heavy metals, including copper above the MPC, is traced throughout the Tobol River and is natural |