NATIONAL REPORT
ABOUT COUNTERACTION
CORRUPTION
in 2021
content
Introduction 3
Main part 4
on anti-corruption issues .................................
10
and anti-corruption culture in society ..............................
11
17
19
23 10. Development of the Anti-Corruption Service ..................................... 24
Conclusion ............................................................................ 35
List of assignments ................................................................... 36
List of abbreviations .................................................................. 37
List of links ........................................................................ thirtynine
introduction
This report has been prepared pursuant to the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 29, 2015 No. 154 "On approval of the Rules for the preparation, submission of the National Report on Combating Corruption to the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan and its publication".
The purpose of the document is to inform the public about the results of the implementation of Kazakhstan's anti-corruption policy in 2021.
The contribution of the Commissioner
and other state bodies, quasi-public sector entities and the public to combating corruption is highlighted.
The adopted legislative and practical measures on anti-corruption education, prevention of corruption, partnership
with society, the inevitability of responsibility, as well as proposals for further improvement of anti-corruption policy, taking into account the provisions of the UN Convention against Corruption, the GRECO guidelines of the Council of Europe and the OECD recommendations are presented.
Special attention is paid to information on the execution of the instruction of the Head of State on the development of a strategic document defining the action program for the medium-term period on effective struggle
with corruption, including "domestic corruption".
The efforts of Kazakhstan on international cooperation in anti-corruption policy issues, as well as the results of an independent assessment of the level of perception of corruption in the country and the world are also reflected.
The document is intended for a wide range of readers – government officials, independent experts, rating agencies, public figures, scientists and other interested persons.
the main part
Statistics
Thanks to systematic preventive work, the transition to a three-tier model of criminal procedure, the number of corruption facts registered in Kazakhstan decreased by 29%.
Diagram 1. Dynamics of corruption crime
Table 1. Contribution of law enforcement and special state bodies
to combating corruption (number of registered crimes)
Subject 2020 2021 Dynamics
Anti-Corruption Service 1632 1037 -37%
Ministry of Internal Affairs 371 326 -12%
National Security Committee 89 72 -19%
Prosecutor's offices 78 68 -13%
Economic Investigation Service 21 53 +152%
Table 2. The most common corruption crimes
Type of crime 2020 2021 Dynamics
Giving a bribe 625 568 -9%
Receiving a bribe 570 449 -21%
Fraud 316 160 -49%
Embezzlement or embezzlement of someone else's entrusted property 268 116 -57%
Abuse of official authority 193 123 -36%
Mediation in bribery 42 36 -14%
892 persons were convicted of committing corruption offenses (1,021 – in 2020), among them employees of: internal affairs bodies – 207 (254), akimats and their structural divisions – 150 (211), of which akims – 5 (19), the Ministry of Finance – 34 (67), the Ministry of Agriculture – 19 (18), ministries of health – 16 (5), national security agencies – 10 (5), economic investigation services – 4 (7), prosecutors – 3 (6),
judges - 3 (5).
The share of bribery in the structure of corruption crime is growing from year to year (receiving and giving bribes, mediation in bribery). If in 2015 it was only every third crime (895 out of 2,733), then in 2021 it was more than 67% (1,053 out of 1,557). This is a signal about the presence of risk zones in the work of the state apparatus associated with bureaucracy and complex procedures.
Despite the decrease in general statistics, the number of particularly serious corruption crimes has increased (by 10%), detainees (by 10%, from 216 to 235), arrested (by 13%, from 197 to 223) and sentenced to imprisonment (by 7%,
from 269 to 289).
Thanks to reforms to protect the constitutional rights of citizens, the share of corruption criminal cases terminated on rehabilitative grounds decreased by 30% in 2021 (from 1,576 to 1,096).
The Anti-Corruption Service is focused on conducting in-depth research to identify and suppress multilevel systemic corruption, conspiratorial criminal schemes and large-scale embezzlement.
91 cases of illegal interference in business and 66 facts of patronage to the subjects of the shadow economy were suppressed. 82 facts of systemic corruption were revealed. The activities of 3 organized criminal groups were exposed (2020 – 0).
So, in the capital, employees of the transport control inspectorate organized the issuance of more than 260 thousand fictitious diagnostic inspection cards for 500 million tenge.
In the East Kazakhstan region, a group of 16 persons, including the heads of the Semey Ormany Reserve, received bribes for issuing permits for sanitary deforestation. A unique pine forest was destroyed.
In Kostanay, employees of a specialized public service center forged hundreds of exams for obtaining a driver's license.
The Anti-Corruption Service continues systematic work on the prevention, detection and suppression of corruption manifestations in the implementation of measures to combat coronavirus infection.
During the reporting period, 71 such criminal offenses were identified, the main share of which are the facts of embezzlement (55%), bribery (23%) and abuse of official authority (7%).
The largest number of them were detected in Nur-Sultan (11), Turkestan (8), Almaty (7), Akmola (6), Kostanay (6) regions and in Almaty (6).
As part of the audit of purchases of computer equipment for online education of students, 12 crimes were detected (Nur-Sultan – 1, Almaty region – 4, Atyrau – 1, Kostanay – 2, Mangystau – 1, Pavlodar – 1, North Kazakhstan – 2) with a total amount of damage in excess of
15 billion tenge.
Among the exposed persons are heads of education departments
4 regions (Nur-Sultan, Almaty, West Kazakhstan and Pavlodar regions) that committed embezzlement of budget funds by overstating the cost and supplying computer equipment of inadequate quality.
The Anti-Corruption Service has taken measures to identify and suppress the facts of issuing fake electronic vaccination passports.
As a result, 12 pre-trial investigations were registered
(Nur–Sultan – 3, Almaty – 1, Akmola region – 1, Aktobe – 1, Almaty - 1, East Kazakhstan – 1, Kostanay – 1, Pavlodar – 1, Turkestan – 2).
In Akmola region, nurses of the central city polyclinic of Kokshetau and the polyclinic of Viamedis LLP were convicted on the fact of repeated sale of forged documents and entering deliberately false information into the electronic module "Vaccination" of the information system of the Ministry of Health. They received monetary rewards from citizens (from 10 thousand to 40 thousand tenge) without the actual injection.
Based on these data on the e-government portal "egov.kz " fictitious electronic vaccination passports against coronavirus infection have been formed for 15 residents of the region.
In 2021, the Anti-Corruption Service provided compensation
20.4 billion tenge or 86% (out of 23.8 billion tenge of the established damage).
At the same time, the Anti–Corruption Agency (hereinafter referred to as the Agency) focuses on early prevention of socially dangerous consequences.
Thus, by monitoring public procurement, the irrational use of budget funds in the amount of 46.6 billion tenge was prevented.
The same preventive approach is used in criminal cases. For example, the Agency did not allow the theft of more than 18 billion tenge allocated for the construction of a bridge in the North Kazakhstan region.
Political modernization and public control
In pursuance of the instructions of the Head of State, the Administrative Procedural and Procedural Code (APPC) was put into effect - a fundamental legal act aimed at introducing and applying effective mechanisms for protecting the rights of individuals and legal entities when considering public law disputes, as well as guaranteeing the participation of citizens in the decision–making process by authorities.[1] [3, paragraph 14; 2, initiative 4.8]
As part of the implementation of the APPC and the concept of the "hearing state", the information system "e-Appeal" was put into operation, which is aimed at ensuring transparency and optimizing the processes of reviewing appeals, improving the service approach, as well as expanding opportunities for analytics.
All central state bodies and their territorial divisions, as well as local executive bodies are connected to this platform.
More than 186 thousand users have been registered and more than 667 thousand requests have been processed since the launch of the system.