Rules for conducting radiation control by state revenue bodies across the State border of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Rules for conducting radiation control by state revenue bodies across the State border of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Radiation control is assigned to the customs authorities in accordance with the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Customs Regulation of the Republic of Kazakhstan" (paragraphs 2, 15, Article 291) and is carried out by officials of the OGD located at checkpoints and other places of movement of goods and vehicles across the customs border of the Eurasian Economic Union, using technical means of radiation control in automatic or manual mode.

In accordance with paragraph 4 of article 402 of the Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated December 26, 2017 "About customs regulation in the Republic of Kazakhstan" the Rules of conduct of the radiation control (order of the Ministry of Finance of RK dated February 5, 2018 No. 121).

Radiation monitoring – to check the level of ionizing radiation of the goods and (or) vehicles transported across the customs border of the Eurasian economic Union and its comparison with natural background in order to provide security for the population and the environment.

Radiation control of goods and vehicles is one of the types of customs control carried out at checkpoints and other places of movement across the customs border of the EAEU, which is carried out for the purpose of radiation safety of the population in the customs territory of the EAEU and the Republic of Kazakhstan in accordance with the legislation of the EAEU and the Republic of Kazakhstan.

For radiation monitoring, state revenue bodies use stationary and portable RV radiation monitoring systems adapted to the terrain of the zone of activity of the state revenue body.

Taking into account the type of equipment used, radiation monitoring at checkpoints and other places across the customs border of the Eurasian Economic Union within the framework of customs control consists of the following stages:

1) primary radiation monitoring;

2) additional radiation monitoring;

3) in-depth radiation examination;

4) expertise.

The purpose of primary radiation control is to promptly identify and isolate objects with an increased radiation dose level (in relation to the natural radiation background) from the flow of goods and vehicles (hereinafter referred to as objects), which is carried out by officials of state revenue bodies who control the placement of goods and vehicles in the customs control zone and carry out customs inspection.

For the purposes of primary radiation monitoring, automated radiation monitoring systems of RV (hereinafter referred to as ASRK RV) are used – stationary RV detection equipment, and in its absence or malfunction – portable radiation monitoring equipment.

Objects identified during the primary radiation control with an increased radiation dose level are isolated from the general flow of goods and vehicles. The allocated objects are placed on a section of the customs control zone determined by an official of the state revenue body (an open area, a separate room, remote from the total mass of goods and vehicles at a distance of at least 20 meters) for additional radiation control with the display of warning signs of radiation danger, clearly visible from a distance of at least 3 meters.

If the stationary RV detection equipment is triggered via the neutron channel, further actions of an official of the state revenue body to localize and identify sources of ionizing radiation are carried out using the RV ASRK measuring devices with neutron radiation detectors.

The grounds for conducting additional radiation monitoring of goods and vehicles are:

1) results of primary radiation monitoring;

2) obtaining operational information from the subjects of operational and investigative activities;

3) the results of the inspection of shipping documents;

4) identification of signs of the presence of RV and goods with a high content of radionuclides, including the detection of signs of radiation danger, characteristic protective containers (packages).

The purposes of additional radiation monitoring are:

1) finding out the reasons for triggering the RV detection equipment;

2) search and localization of objects with an increased radiation dose level, measurement of the radiation characteristics of the object by gamma and neutron radiation without opening the package or vehicle;

3) assessment of the degree of radiation hazard of the object.

Additional radiation monitoring is carried out during the day by specially trained officials of state revenue bodies.

For additional radiation monitoring, dosimetric and radiometric equipment that has passed state verification is used.

The opening of compartments of vehicles, cargo containers during the search and localization of objects with an increased radiation dose level is carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of the Sanitary Rules "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for ensuring radiation safety", approved by the order of the acting Director. Ministry of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 261 dated March 27, 2015 (registered in the Register of State Registration of Regulatory Legal Acts No. 11205) (hereinafter referred to as Sanitary Rules), and Hygienic Standards "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for radiation safety", approved by Order of the Minister of National Economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 155 dated February 27, 2015 (registered in the Register of State Registration of Regulatory Legal Acts No. 10671) (hereinafter referred to as Hygienic Standards). Opening of packages is not allowed.

During the additional radiation monitoring in order to ensure radiation safety, the following requirements are met:

1) an object with an increased radiation dose level moves at a distance of at least 20 meters from residential and office premises;

2) the time spent by officials of state revenue bodies near an object with an increased radiation dose level should be limited;

3) the presence of warning signs of radiation danger, clearly visible from a distance of at least 3 meters, on the exposed fence.

 

Additional radiation monitoring of goods and vehicles is carried out in the following order:

The measurement of an object with an increased radiation dose level, having a significant length (a railway car, a truck, a container) and filled with a homogeneous cargo (crushed stone, powder, small parts), is carried out along the middle line (in height) of the long side wall of the object in search mode along the entire perimeter.

At the point where the readings of the device are maximum, measurements are carried out in the middle of the gaps between it and two neighboring measurement points. This procedure is repeated several times until the position along the measurement line of the point at which the value of the measured value is maximum is determined. For this point, a similar measurement procedure is also carried out in the vertical direction.

A similar procedure is carried out for the opposite side surface. If the maximum and minimum readings of the device in this series of measurements differ from each other by more than 10 times, it is assumed that the radiation source has a local character and is located at the location of the detected maximum of the measured value. If the maximum and minimum values differ by more than 2 times, the radiation source should be considered distributed throughout the entire volume of the object being examined. In intermediate cases, the size of the radiation source should be considered comparable to the size of the object.

After determining the presence of a radioactive source in the object and assessing the degree of its localization, the dose rate of gamma radiation, the density of the neutron flux, the density of surface contamination of the object with alpha-and beta - emitting radionuclides at the maximum point on the surface of the object is measured.

If the object has a small size (suitcase, bag), then you should make sure that there is really an increased radiation dose level on its surface. Determine the point at which it is maximum, and measure the dose rate of gamma radiation, the neutron flux density and the level of surface contamination with alpha-and beta-emitting radionuclides in it.

Based on the results of additional radiation monitoring, one of the following decisions is immediately taken:

1) on conducting an in-depth radiation examination;

2) on the passage of goods through the customs border of the Eurasian Economic Union.

The basis for conducting an in-depth radiation examination is the results of additional radiation monitoring, confirming the increased level of radiation dose of the object under examination and the presence of RV in it.

The response criterion determining the need for an in-depth radiation examination is the excess of the average value of the three measurements of the gamma radiation dose rate on the surface of the object (Low) over the value of the natural background (Nf) measured in the customs control zone by 0.2 Nf, that is,

Nizm = 0.2+Nf

where, Nizm is the value of the arithmetic mean of the three measurements of the gamma radiation dose rate, mSv/h, which is calculated by the formula:

Nizm..= 1/3 of the Lower i, (for i=3)

where, Low..i is the value of the dose rate of gamma radiation on the surface of the object at the i-th measurement, mSv/h;

Nf is the value of the dose rate of gamma radiation of the natural background measured in the customs control zone, mSv/h.

This response criterion is intended for products containing natural radionuclides, which include the following products: construction materials (sand, clay, gravel mass, granite mass, crushed stone, inert materials, bricks, expanded clay, reinforced concrete products, scrap metal, wood), chemical fertilizers, industrial products of heavy and light industry, food products (domestic and foreign), agricultural products and additional groups of materials. For other goods that do not contain natural radionuclides, the response criterion determining the need for an in-depth radiation examination is the excess of the arithmetic mean value of the three measurements of the gamma radiation dose rate on the surface of the object (Low) over the value of the natural background (Low) measured in the customs control zone by 0.2 Nf, that is, Low. > = 0.2+Nf. and / or the presence of surface contamination of the object with alpha - and beta-emitting nuclides exceeding the permissible levels established by Sanitary rules and Hygiene standards.

The response criterion that determines the conduct of an in-depth radiation survey for the localization and identification of sources with an increased level of neutron radiation flux density is exceeding the permissible values established by Sanitary Rules and Hygienic Standards.

The purpose of an in-depth radiation examination is the maximum possible localization and primary identification of RV contained in the object under examination.

In-depth radiation examination is carried out by authorized officials for conducting radiation control in coordination with the territorial divisions of the departments of the authorized body in the field of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population during the day, if the exposure dose rate exceeds 1 mSv/h.

State-verified spectrometric and radiometric equipment is used to conduct an in-depth radiation examination.

The search and localization of the radiation source is carried out using radiometric equipment in the search mode.

The opening of compartments of vehicles, cargo spaces and packaging during the search and localization of objects with an increased radiation dose level is carried out in accordance with Sanitary rules.

Conducting an in-depth radiation examination of goods and vehicles provides for the following procedure.

The measurement of an object having a significant length (railway car, truck, container) and filled with cargo in a cargo container (boxes, crates, cans) is carried out on the entire surface of each cargo container.

The assumption that the radioactive source is contained in this particular cargo container can be a decrease in the readings of the device when it is removed from the found object by a distance equal to at least four maximum transverse dimensions of the object.

If the cargo capacity is large enough, in order to locate the radioactive source within the detected object as much as possible and determine the maximum values of the neutron flux density and gamma radiation dose rate on its surface, as well as surface contamination with alpha and beta radionuclides, additional measurements are carried out according to the above scheme.

After localization of the radiation source in the examined object, the primary identification of the radioactive substances contained in it is carried out. First, it is determined whether there is a registered neutron radiation on the surface of the object (if the localization was carried out by gamma radiation). To do this, the neutron flux density is measured at the point of the absolute maximum dose rate of gamma radiation. If the source was localized by neutron radiation, then the dose rate of gamma radiation is measured at the point of its absolute maximum.

The presence of noticeable neutron radiation (2 or 3 times higher than the background radiation) indicates the probability of the presence of fissile materials in the composition of the object under study.

In the absence of a fixed neutron flux on the surface of the object, in the presence of a portable gamma-spectrometer or radiometer with a spectrometric channel, a gamma-spectrometric examination of the object is carried out without opening the package. The sensor is mounted on a special tripod against the point of the absolute maximum dose rate of gamma radiation close to the surface of the object or at some distance from it, ensuring the normal operation of the spectrometer. The choice of the spectrum set time, depending on the radiation intensity and sensitivity of the spectrometer, should provide sufficient statistical data for reliable identification of radionuclides.

Based on the results of an in-depth radiation examination, one of the following decisions is immediately taken:

1) on the immediate export of goods from the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union upon import, or on the prohibition of the export of goods from the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union in case of movement of goods outside the territory of the Eurasian Economic Union;

2) on the transfer of the goods for examination;

3) on the passage of goods through the customs border of the Eurasian Economic Union.

The examination of radiation cargo is carried out in accordance with the Code and on the basis of a decision of the state revenue body on the appointment of a customs examination of goods and vehicles, issued based on the results of an in-depth radiation examination of the goods, or sent for laboratory tests to determine the specific activity of radionuclides for compliance with Sanitary rules to the territorial divisions of the department of the authorized body in the field of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population.

The transfer of objects for examination and its transportation is carried out under the control of authorized officials of state revenue bodies for radiation control in compliance with Sanitary rules.

The results of the examination/laboratory studies are entered in the Journal.

Upon receipt of the results of the examination/laboratory studies, the state revenue body makes a decision within a day:

1) on initiating a case of an administrative offense or conducting an inquiry in criminal cases;

2) about the passage of goods at checkpoints and other places of movement across the customs border of the Eurasian Economic Union;

3) on the immediate export of goods from the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union upon import, or on the prohibition of the export of goods from the customs territory of the Eurasian Economic Union in the event of the movement of goods outside the Eurasian Economic Union