One day of summer feeds the year

The hottest time for farmers is taking place in the region. In the midst of haymaking, a number of agricultural producers of the region have already started harvesting winter grain crops. The topic of forage harvesting was discussed at a meeting in the Akimat of the region under the chairmanship of Gali Iskaliyev.

The plan of preparation is made only for 12%

According to the regional department of agriculture, this year the area of all agricultural crops, including winter cereals (95.2 thousand hectares) sown last autumn, amounted to 537.5 thousand hectares, including grain crops 296.9 thousand hectares, oilseeds 118.2 thousand hectares, potatoes, vegetables, melons 9.6 thousand hectares.

The total area of forage crops amounted to 177.4 thousand hectares, including 31.9 thousand hectares this year. In addition to the perennial grasses of previous years, available on an area of 145.5 thousand hectares, this year 15.6 thousand hectares of perennial grasses, 15 thousand hectares of annual grasses and 1.4 thousand hectares of silage and corn were sown with valuable forage crops. For the upcoming wintering of livestock, it is necessary to prepare 1830 thousand tons of hay. In order to provide the existing livestock with full-fledged feed, agricultural producers of the region are switching to water-saving and modern technologies.

– For example, the Buranbayev farm in the Bokeyordinsky district, with the support of scientists from the Ural agricultural experimental station, sowed highly productive forage crops on an area of 500 hectares, fencing the fields with an electronic fence. As a result, from the first haymaking, the Sudanese women received a harvest of 20 c / ha. The experience of Bokeyordin residents was adopted by some farms of Akzhaiksky and Kaztalov districts, where they also received a good harvest. Therefore, we recommend applying similar practices in other districts of the region – - said the head of the Department of Agriculture Zh.Khaliullin. – As for the hay harvesting plan, due to precipitation at the beginning of the haymaking campaign, the farms of the region were able to partially start working. According to the data for the districts, hay has been mown for 726.9 thousand hectares, the average yield in the region was 4 kg / ha, 292.8 thousand tons of feed were harvested, which is 10.7% of the plan, taking into account the residual grass, only 327.9 thousand tons of hay were harvested, which is 12% of the total demand. In the Zhangalinsky district, the feed plan was fulfilled by 3.4%, Kaztalovsky-by 3.8%, Bokeyordinsky – by 9%, Zhanibeksky – by 10.8%.

How much is hay today?

It is worth noting that the Head of State gave a specific instruction to ensure the availability of feed for personal subsidiary farms. In this regard, on June 23, at a meeting in the akimat, measures were taken to prevent an unjustified increase in feed prices and the subsequent increase in the cost of livestock products. In particular, the identification of hayfields, the allocation of cheaper fuels and lubricants, the creation of regional headquarters at the level of each district, the adoption of measures to curb feed prices, specific instructions were given to conclude memoranda with the main producers to organize the centralized sale of feed for personal subsidiary farms at affordable prices.

According to the head of the Department of agriculture, currently the average cost of hay in the region ranges from 3500-7000 tenge per roll (300 kg). But according to the scientists of Zhangir Khan ZKATU, its cost price is 1558 tenge.

- In some rural districts of the Chingirlau and Karatobinsky districts, the sale of hay to personal subsidiary farms for 2000-3000 tenge is organized. We also propose to introduce this experience in other districts of the region – " Khaliullin said.

By the way, today the Kaztalovsky district allocates 5000 hectares of hayfields in the Taldykuduk rural district, organizes the sale of feed to local residents at a price of 4000-5000 tenge per roll. It is worth noting that these works have also been started in the Syrymsky district. Today, in the Zhympitinsky rural district, the villagers, together with the owners of the agricultural cooperative, organize the sale of hay to fellow villagers at a weekly fair at affordable prices.

The state of grain crops

According to the Department of Agriculture, currently 229.6 thousand hectares or 98.9% of cereals are in satisfactory condition, 1.8 thousand hectares or 0.8% are in poor condition, 0.7 thousand hectares or 0.3% have burned out from the heat.

A number of agricultural producers of the region have started harvesting winter grain crops and today the yield on farms ranges from 4 to 12 c/ha (the average yield on winter crops in 2020 was 22.4 c/ha).

The condition of spring cereals is mostly satisfactory, but, as you know, there is a 35-40-degree heat for many days, and if precipitation does not fall in the near future, there is a risk of low yield of spring crops.

As of July 7, 2021, in accordance with the preliminary grain balance, it is planned to receive 168.3 thousand tons of products in weight from grain crops after processing, of which about 75 thousand tons of feed grain (41.4% security). The projected production will fully meet the needs of the region in food wheat (119%) and seeds (100%). At the same time, it should be noted that at large flour milling enterprises of the region, there is an additional need for more than 40 thousand tons of grain to fulfill contractual obligations to consumers (including foreign consumers), since part of the processed products is shipped outside the region. Annual practice shows that the missing 106 thousand tons of feed grain are imported from neighboring regions of Russia during the beginning of the mass harvesting campaign. Currently, the cost of 1 ton of feed grain, including all costs, is formed in the range of 75-77 thousand. tenge and a gradual decrease in the price is predicted due to the start of the harvesting campaign.

4 955 units of tractors, 949 combine harvesters and other agricultural machinery are planned to participate in the harvesting operations. All appliances are fully ready for cleaning. An application for the distribution of 11 thousand tons of cheaper diesel fuel for harvesting and autumn field work has been sent to the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Prepare a one-and-a-half-year supply

Summing up the meeting, Akim of the region G. Iskaliyev noted that despite the fact that this year as a whole was favorable for sowing operations compared to the past, however, hay harvesting remains at a weak level – only 12%.

- To provide the region with feed for 1 year, 1.8 million tons of hay are needed, but we need to collect a one-and-a-half-year supply of 2.7 million tons. And only after that you can think about exporting. It is also necessary to continue the work on the sale of feed for the needy population at cost. Therefore, the akims of the districts need to conduct an analysis and identify those who need help (taking into account the number of breeding stock). It is clear that the average price for hay in each district is different, taking into account transport costs, but in the fields we will charge 1500 tenge per roll for the base price. If necessary, the districts, I think, will provide the necessary support with delivery. In addition, the state provides all kinds of support to farmers (subsidies are allocated, loans and leasing are issued, small taxes are paid), land is provided almost free of charge, water is received free of charge. This year, 1.2 billion tenge was allocated from the republican budget to increase the volume of the Kara Ozen and Sary Ozen rivers, the total amount exceeds 4 billion tenge. Therefore, I hope that our farm managers will understand the decision to sell feed at cost and help their fellow countrymen to prepare feed. Secondly, today it is necessary to introduce modern technologies of haymaking and forage harvesting, the so – called "hay granulation", which is actively used in other areas, thanks to which they sell feed not only in the domestic market, but also abroad (1 ton costs an average of$ 200-250), - Gali Iskaliyev said. – The cost of equipment for granulating hay is 14-15 million tenge, which is not very expensive, and the payback and usefulness is many times greater. It is not necessary for each district to have, you can have one KH for 2-3 districts, because this technique can granulate hay up to 1 ton per hour. In addition, it is necessary to continue the work on harvesting hay on the released lands and sowing various grasses in the districts. We have a forest fund, the land of state reserves is more than 6 thousand hectares, it is necessary to give permission to harvest hay from these lands so that tomorrow we can help our population mow hay, but in general we need to prepare for the next years. Last year, about 40 thousand hectares of various grasses were specially sown in three districts of Syrym, Karatobe and Chingirlau, and this year such work should be continued. At least 80 thousand hectares should be sown with fodder grasses and this will give us the opportunity to get a good harvest next year. And most importantly, all the hay that is collected in our region should be taken into account, – G. Iskaliyev instructed the district akims.

Natalia Gorokhova,

zhaikpress.kz