PREVENTION OF TUBERCULOSIS

   

PREVENTION OF TUBERCULOSIS

      Tuberculosis is recognized by the entire global medical community as one of the most dangerous and rapidly spreading types of infectious diseases in recent centuries

    Prevention of tuberculosis is one of the powerful countermeasures that nullifies all the efforts of the virus. Special and nonspecific prevention explain what needs to be done and how not to get sick, even while in a hotbed of infection.

     Tuberculosis infection occurs in the human body as a result of the activation of a special actinobacterium, popularly referred to as the tuberculosis bacillus. Scientific medicine gave it its name - Koch's sticks. It is she who is the direct causative agent of tuberculosis.

There are three types of mycobacteria in the world that harm our body - human, M. Bovis (bovine), intermediate.

It is generally accepted that the viral bacillus can only infect the lungs. This is a misconception. Its targets may also be: intestines, lymph nodes, genitourinary system, joints, bones, blood (miliary) and nervous system (meningitis). The activity of the infection and the rapid progress of the disease puts our lives at mortal risk. Occupying one of the first places among such dangerous diseases as leprosy and scleroma, the bacterium has always been and is, to this day, a hyper-threat to all humanity.

The fight against tuberculosis with medications and prophylactics is the only and correct way to prevent the death of all humanity on our planet.

In our Uysky district, there are 20 people with tuberculosis registered in the TB doctor’s office with an active form, and 20 people under clinical observation.

Characteristics of the causative agent of tuberculosis and its prevention

Koch's bacillus spreads by airborne droplets and passes from a sick person or animal to a healthy one. By talking, coughing and sneezing, a person with tuberculosis who is nearby transmits the infection to those around him through saliva and sputum.

People who have not received vaccinations and do not follow the necessary precautions enter the infection zone.

What you need to know about tuberculosis?

The tuberculosis virus enters the human body during childhood. It hides in the organs of the macrophage system, waiting for the right moment. For its “awakening” and capacity, the presence of the following factors is sufficient:

The presence of immunodeficiency or chronic diseases of the endocrine system (immunosuppression);

• Refusal of generally accepted immunization methods established by Sanpin;
• Genetic background;
• Prolonged and repeated nervous breakdowns or excessive mental stress;
• Constant overwork;
• Poorly, untimely or incomplete vaccination;
• Increase in the number of mycobacteria;
• Virulence (virus stamp and its method/strength of infection);
• Ignoring tuberculosis prevention;
• Prolonged contact with the bacteria excreting agent;
• Inadequate living and social conditions (unsanitary conditions);
• Frequent and prolonged fasting;
• Lack of basic information or misinformation about how to avoid becoming infected with tuberculosis;
• Inadequate attention when the first signs of the disease appear;
• Incorrect or insufficient prevention of tuberculosis in contact with a sick person.
• Insufficient and inadequate treatment of tuberculosis at home (interrupted or medications taken selectively).

Tuberculosis: its forms and varieties

All age groups are at risk of contracting tuberculosis. The most common sources of infection may be:

• Inappropriate contact with a patient with tuberculosis;
• Dairy and meat products from tuberculous animals;
• From an infected pregnant woman to the fetus.

The difference between this disease is that some patients can be a source of infection, while others simply carry the virus within themselves without harming others.

No wonder they say: “He who is forewarned is forearmed.” Do not neglect the simple rules of anti-TB prevention, which take care of us and the future of our descendants.

What is the prevention of tuberculosis?

Anti-tuberculosis prevention works proactively.

Gives everyone a chance not to become infected themselves and not to infect others. Makes sure that the patient, medical staff and their entire social circle do not become another transmitting source of the virus and that the general mass of the healthy population does not become infected from them.

For this purpose she uses the most effective methods, from informative to medicinal. Helps minimize the risk of contracting tuberculosis, maximize the recovery of patients and protect future generations from the cruel pathogen.

Its action is directed along several vectors at once and is both general (nonspecific) and individual in nature (for certain groups of patients):

• social prevention is aimed at improving the environment, increasing the standard of living and well-being of the population. Its tasks include encouraging a healthy lifestyle, exercise and proper nutrition.
• sanitary prevention of tuberculosis makes it possible to protect healthy people from MTB infection and protect their contact with patients at home and at work. It uses social, therapeutic and anti-epidemic measures to localize and eliminate foci of tuberculosis infection.
• specific – creates a “health base” for future generations, working to develop the population’s immunity upon reaching the age of thirty.

Such tasks help to carry out:

• BCG vaccination is given to newborns on the 4th or 5th day after birth. Contains a weakened MBT stamp, which, taking root at the site of vaccination and multiplying, creates a protective barrier for the virus.
• Revaccination is repeated BCG. Has a fixing function for the first vaccination. It is carried out in stages: for school-age children at 7, 12, 16-17 years old. Then every five years until age thirty. Before carrying out this vaccination, the body’s reaction to Mantoux (negative or positive) must be checked, which will serve as a permission or prohibition for the revaccination injection. It should be noted that this type of anti-tuberculosis prophylaxis is not recommended for: those who have previously suffered from tuberculosis; for rheumatism, epilepsy, exudative diathesis; in acute forms of current infectious diseases; allergic and dermatological diagnoses.

Prevention of tuberculosis

Memo for people of all ages

Today, the extreme danger of tuberculosis and its presence on all continents is no longer in doubt. According to the latest WHO expert estimates, one third of the world's population is affected by the tuberculosis virus. The problem is so global that the entire world community and leading medical luminaries are trying to attract people’s attention as much as possible to solve it.

  Every year, on March 24, World Tuberculosis Day is celebrated.

In order to reduce the morbidity threshold, to protect yourself and your environment from a harmful disease, you need to know and adhere to certain precautions that tuberculosis immunoprophylaxis provides. They are divided into two components: “Prevention general for the entire population” and “Methods of preventing tuberculosis for the patient.” For those who are not yet familiar with them or want to make sure their own knowledge is correct, we recommend that you start reading the following.

General rules for the prevention of tuberculosis:

• Once a year, be examined for tuberculosis by a general practitioner or phthisiatrician.
• Maintaining a healthy lifestyle. This group of measures will strengthen the body naturally and prevent disruptions in its immune system.
• Correct daily routine, normalized work schedule, balance of mental and physical activity combined with rest, regular + timely + healthy nutrition with the required amount of fats, carbohydrates, proteins - this is the main basis for increasing the level of reactivity of our immunity. It is under such conditions that the body is stress-resistant, neutral to the aggressive effects of unfavorable environmental factors and creates a barrier to the entry of the virus.
• Maintain personal hygiene. The main focus of this item is timely and thorough cleaning of premises, washing dishes using disinfectants. It is necessary to wash your hands after: contact with other people and foreign objects, visiting public and specific places.
• Use of personal hygiene products.
• Regular examination in a medical institution, from a therapeutic examination to fluorography, will identify symptoms of the disease in the early stages. The results of the study will become the basis according to which individual prevention of pulmonary tuberculosis or other affected organs will be prescribed. Young children and adults (up to 30 years of age) should be protected from the insidious tuberculosis bacillus by vaccination with BCG.

 

Дата публикации

12 марта 2024