The general concept of corruption, and the problems of combating corruption
Corruption is a negative phenomenon of modern society that requires constant careful study, a systematic approach, and comprehensive and prompt counteraction. The level and scale of existing corruption in the country hamper economic development, negatively affect the investment climate, reduce the image of the country, and reduce international interest in cooperation with the Republic of Kazakhstan. In this regard, the fight against corruption is the main priority of the state policy of Kazakhstan. Corruption is not only a problem of our state, but also a problem of the whole world. Now all countries, including the most advanced ones, are revising their anti-corruption models to take into account new challenges, and adopting new laws and regulations to tighten responsibility for corruption.
For Kazakhstan, overcoming corruption is one of the main directions of state policy, the priority of which is clearly indicated by the head of State.
Our state adopted the laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On Combating Corruption" in 1998 and "On Public Service" in 1999. Also, the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated May 3, 2005 No. 1567 "On the Code of Honor of Civil Servants of the Republic of Kazakhstan", which became an effective means of combating corruption and defined the status, rights and duties of civil servants, requirements for their moral appearance and business qualities.
All State bodies adopt departmental programs and plans to combat corruption, which include various anti-corruption measures.
To date, to some extent, the Republic of Kazakhstan has and is developing legislation related to the fight against corruption, which directly includes the anti-corruption law, various anti-corruption state programs, and provides for criminal liability for corruption crimes. Already at the present stage, they have been laid down
The study of the anti-corruption policies of the countries with the lowest level of corruption shows that the basic foundations of their measures are transparency of the activities of state bodies and the inevitability of punishment, organized control by civil society over the work of state bodies, high salaries of civil servants, effective preventive and proactive work.
Corruption hinders the process of socio-economic development, building a market economy, attracting investment and negatively affects the political and public institutions of a democratic state, and poses a serious threat to the future of the country.